PART I: Extracorporeal Circulation and Low Invasiveness -- Chapter 1: Experience of Minimally Invasive Extracorporeal Circulation -- Chapter 2: Development of Cardiopulmonary Bypass System and Devices Aiming for Minimally Invasive -- Chapter 3 Advances in Bloodless Open-Heart Surgery -- PART II: Pitfalls in Recent Extracorporeal Circulation and Countermeasures -- Chapter 4　Problems with New Devices -- Chapter 5 Microbubbles in Extracorporeal Circulation and its Countermeasures -- PART III: Minimally Invasive and Time Saving -- Chapter 6 Time Saving and Team Development.