1. Human Evolution and Physical Exercise: The Concept of Being "Born to Run" -- 2. Cell Morphology and Function: The Specificities of Muscle Cells -- 3. The Cell Membrane of the Contractile Unit -- 4. Gene Polymorphisms and Athletic Performance -- 5. Mitochondrial and Non-mitochondrial Studies of ATP Synthesis -- 6. Excessive Nutrients and Regional Energy Metabolism -- 7. Muscle Biopsy To Investigate Mitochondrial Turnover -- 8. Introduction to the Tracer-Based Study of Metabolism In Vivo -- 9. Physical Activity and Inflammation -- 10. The HPA Axis and the Regulation of Energy Balance -- 11. Physical Exercise in Obesity and Anorexia Nervosa -- 12. Physical Exercise and Transplantation -- 13. The Baboon as a Primate Model To Study the Physiology and Metabolic Effects of Exercise -- 14. Specific physical exercises adapt to immune-modulate the non-diabetic and the diabetic individual and reduce the likelihood of contagion by respiratory viruses like SARS-2 coronavirus -- 15. Physical Exercise and Sexual Dysfunction -- 16. Specific physical exercises adapt to patients with obesity or with diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type2) -- 17. Hypnosis and Sport -- 18. Physical activity and diabetic retinopathy.