Introduction -- Embryology and congenital anomalies -- Anatomy -- Radiology and imaging of the ureter -- Physiology and pharmacology of the ureter -- Inflammatory diseases of the ureter -- Ureter and bilharziasis -- Ureter and tuberculosis -- Trauma of the ureter -- Ureteric strictures: etiology and diagnosis -- Ureteric strictures: treatment -- Ureterocele -- Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) -- Tumors of the ureter -- Fetal and prenatal ureter -- Ureteral pain -- Ureteral stones -- Management of ureteral stones -- Ureteroscopy and related instruments -- Ureter and urinary diversion -- Ureter and renal transplantation -- Ureteral disorders during pregnancy -- Radiological signs and syndromes of the ureter -- Ureteral fistulae. .