ch. 1. Mechanisms governing the plastic deformation of nanocrystalline materials, including grain-size softening / Hans Conrad and Jay Narayan -- ch. 2. Enhanced mechanical properties of nanostructured metals produced by SPD techniques / Ruslan Z. Valiev and Terence G. Langdon -- ch. 3. Strength and strain-rate sensitivity of nanopolycrystals / Ronald W. Armstrong -- ch. 4. A composite model of nanocrystalline materials / George J. Weng -- ch. 5. The effect of microstructural features on the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline metals / Zbigniew Pakiela, Malgorzata Lewandowska, and Krzysztof J. Kurzydlowski -- ch. 6. Mechanical behavior and deformation mechanism of FCC metals with nanoscale twins / L. Lu and K. Lu -- ch. 7. Grain boundaries in nanocrystalline materials / James C.M. Li -- ch. 8. Dynamic mechanical behavior of ultrafine and nanocrystalline refractory metals / Qiuming Wei and Laszlo J. Kecskes -- ch. 9. Fracture behavior of nanocrystalline ceramics / Ilya A. Ovid'ko and Alexander G. Sheinerman -- ch. 10. On challenging problems in bridging the scales from the atomistic to the continuum / Mohammed Cherkaoui.