chapter 1 chapter one -- chapter 2 Toxicological exposure of bound recalcitrant compounds -- chapter 3 Roadblocks to the implementation of biotreatment strategies -- chapter 4 The federal integrated biotreatment research consortium (flask to field) -- chapter 5 Chlorinated solvent contaminated soils and groundwater: field application of the solvent extraction residual biotreatment technology -- chapter 6 Enhancing PCB bioremediation -- chapter 7 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): improved land treatment with bioaugmentation -- chapter 8 Future needs for research and development.