There is no other time in life when the provision of appropriate nutrition is of greater importance than during infancy and childhood. During this phase of life, characterized by rapid growth and development, an adequate amount and composition of nutrients both in health and disease are of key importance for growth, functional outcomes such as cognition and immune response, and long-term well-being. To provide concise information to readers who seek quick guidance on practical relevant issues in the nutrition of infants, children and adolescents, the editors have developed this compact reference book as busy physicians and other healthcare professionals often find it difficult to devote sufficient time to study elaborate and extensive books on just one aspect of their practice. Moreover, due to the insightful input of a global editorial board, challenges both in affluent and poorer populations are addressed, thus providing a truly international perspective which further contributes to the unique worth of this book.