"Three-dimensional printing (3DP) also known as Additive Manufacturing (AM) has emerged as exciting technology for the manufacture of pharmaceutical products for personalised patient treatment. The interindividual variability of the human population is a constant challenge when striving for effective drug delivery because patients come in different shapes, sizes, ages, genetics and necessities and so require medication personalised to their needs for the most effective outcomes [1] [2]. 3DP has been shown to be a flexible technique which can be used to manufacture drug delivery devices (DDD) for a wide array of applications such as tablets, implants, microneedles and suppositories [3-5]. In addition, compared to conventional large scale production techniques, such as tablet pressing, 3DP is much more agile with the potential to simplify supply chains and accelerate development cycles. Such traits, make 3DP an ideal candidate technology to produce on-demand personalized medicines and in turn, improve patient quality of life. However, there are still several challenges hindering its adoption. Limited availability of biocompatible materials, the incompatibility of the API and or polymer with the printing conditions and regulatory hurdles presents a significant challenge when designing 3DP pharmaceutical products. This is highlighted by the presence of just one 3DP pharmaceutical product currently on the market, Spritam® [6]. Material choice is a fundamental consideration when designing a pharmaceutical dosage form. All drug products are comprised of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) which is the bioactive component and inactive functional excipients which facilitate the release of the API to the target location in the body. With the advance of 3D printing medicine, API carrier materials have an increasingly important role in not only protecting the API in a convenient printable package and disguising unpalatable ingredients but also in facilitating complex release profiles. Several 3D printing techniques are applicable for manufacturing DDD: Thermal Extrusion-based deposition systems (TE), Semi-solid extrusion (SSE), Stereolithography (SLA) and Powder Bed fusion (PBF). Successful printing of pharmaceuticals requires consideration of the nature of the 3D printing process. Each technique has its own benefits and limitations in terms of material compatibility, print quality and scalability and so must be considered as a whole when designing a new DDD. The objective of this book chapter is to first discuss each printing technique exploring the key material characteristics and processing parameters that influence both printability and drug delivery performance. Subsequently, the materials which have shown suitability for 3DP manufacture of DDD will be discussed with a focus on the key material attributes relevant for printing and drug release properties"-- Provided by publisher.