Part 1 Neonatal infection -- 1 A 6-day-old female newborn with fever and decreased appetite and activity - Enteroviral infection in neonates -- 2 A 17-day-old female baby with fever and decreased appetite and activity-Herpes simplex virus infection in neonates and children -- 3 A premature newborn with respiratory distress and poor activity-Bacterial meningitis in neonates -- Part 2 Central nervous system infection -- 4 A 6-year-old boy with fever for 10 days and lethargy - Tuberculous meningitis -- 5 A 2-year-old girl with fever, lethargy, and bilious vomiting and petechiae and purpura - Meningococcal meningitis and sepsis -- 6 A 2-year-old boy with fever, hand-foot-mouth disease and myoclonic jerk - Enterovirus A71 infection -- 7 A 15-year-old adolescent with right upper limb weakness following upper respiratory infection - Acute Flaccid Myelitis Caused by Enterovirus D68 -- 8 A 7-year-old girl with acute onset of hallucinations and unsteady gait - Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy ofChildhood -- 9 A 5-year-old girl with acute onset of generalized tonic-clonic seizures for 10 minutes - Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated encephalitis -- 10 A 1-year-old boy with fever, progressive consciousness change and seizure - Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis -- Part 3 Respiratory tract infection -- 11 A 14-year-old boy with nasal congestion and cough for days followed by a tender bulging mass on the forehead - Acute bacterial sinusitis and associated complications -- 12 A 1-year-3-month-old boy with cough, rhinorrhea, bilateral eye discharge, fever, and ear discharge - Mastoiditis and conjunctivitis-otitis media syndrome -- 13 A 3-year-9-month-old girl with painful swelling over left face for one week - Acute parotitis -- 14 A 5-year-old boy with fever, sore throat, odynophagia and torticollis - Deep neck infection -- 15 A 5-year-old boy with fever and a painful enlarging erythematous left neck mass - Pyriform sinus fistula with infection -- 16 A one-month-old infant with episodic upwardgaze and cyanotic lips in one day following a 2-day cough - Pertussis with encephalopathy -- 17 A 6-year-old girl with fever for one week, productive cough, running nose, decreased appetite and activity - Severe lower respiratory tract infection due to adenovirus -- 18 A 9-year-old girl with fever, cough followed by hemoptysis and dyspnea - Severe influenza virus infections -- 19 A 1-year-old girl with fever, cough and posttussive vomiting -Respiratory syncytial virus infection -- 20 A 4-month-old male infant with dry cough, progressive shortness of breath -Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis -- 21 A 4-year-old boy with fever, aggravated cough and persistent abdominal pain - Pneumonia presenting as acute abdomen -- 22 A 2-year-old girl with community-acquired pneumonia followed by thrombocytopenia and anemia - Streptococcus pneumoniae associated with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome -- 23 A cluster of community-acquired pneumonia in two siblings of school age - Macrolide Resistance Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection -- 24 A 13-year-old girl with fever for 13 days and cough and dyspnea for 7 days - Miliary tuberculosis -- Part 4 Heart infection -- 25 A 12-year-old female adolescent with fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, right hand purpura and headache -- Infective Endocarditis -- 26 A 7-year-old girl with general weakness, fatigue and a feeling of discomfort following influenza - Influenza associated myocarditis and pericarditis -- 27 A 9-year-old boy with abdominal pain, vomiting, lethargy, headache and fever for 2 days - Coxsackievirus myocarditis -- Part 5 - Gastrointestinal tract infection -- 28 A 14-year-old male adolescent with progressive lethargy, nausea, shortness of breath and weight loss - Liver Abscess -- 29 A 5-month-old female infant with fever, lethargy, bulging anterior fontanelle following acute gastroenteritis 2 weeks ago - Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterocolitis with invasive diseases -- 30 A 6-year-old boy with fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea followed by progressive abdominal distention - Salmonella enterocolitis complicated with toxic megacolon -- 31 A 14-year-old girl with prolonged fever - Typhoid fever -- 32 A 10-year-old girl with progressive abdominal distension and intermittent fever for two months - Abdominal Tuberculosis -- Part 6 Urinary tract infection -- 33 An 8-month-old female infant with fever and pyuria - Acute lobar nephronia -- 34 A 2-year-old girl with fever for 2 weeks despite of oral antibiotic therapy - Renal abscess in children -- Part 7 Bone and joint infection -- 35 An 11-month-old infant with limping gait for 1 week - Osteomyelitis caused by Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine -- 36 A 12-year-old adolescent with fever, vomiting, general skin rash following a preceding minor trauma over left hip - Disseminated community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection -- Part 7 Skin and soft tissue infection -- 37 A 4-year-old boy with left leg pain and limping gait following mucoid diarrhea 2 weeks ago - Salmonella pyomyositis -- Part 9 Other specific infection/syndrome -- 38 A 6-year-old boy with fever, sore throat and a crusted wound over left flank area - Scrub typhus -- 39 A 5-month-old infant with repeated community-acquired pneumonia and failure to thrive - Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection -- 40 A 6-year-old girl with fever and neck lymph nodes enlargement - Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease -- 41 A 2-year-old with fever, progressive lethargy and skin rash - Kawasaki disease with shock syndrome -- 42 A 6-year-old girl with fever, sore throat, odynophagia, dysphagia, and cervical mass - Lymph-node-first presentation Kawasaki disease -- 43 An 8-year-old with fever, headache, muscle aching and retroorbital pain followed by frequent vomiting - Dengue fever with shock -- 44 A 4-year-old boy with fever, cough, skin rash and difficulty of breathing - Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome -- 45 A 4-year-old boy with fever, general skin rash, vomiting and diarrhea following a operation for bone fracture - Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome -- 46 A 3-year-old girl with fever and pancytopenia - Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection -- 47 A 2-month-old infant with fever, progressive skin rash and eosinophilia - Drug-induced fever and skin rash in children -- 48 A 4-month-old infant with fever, diarrhea, followed by abdominal distention and an ulcer-like skin lesion - Community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis (Shanghai fever) -- 49 A 2-year-old girl with left thigh erythematous swelling following DTaP-Hib-IPV vaccination - Extensive Limb Swelling following vaccination -- 50 A 9-year-old girl with a right lateral chest wall mass - Thoracic actinomycosis.