Intro -- Depolymerization of Lignin to Produce Value Added Chemicals -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 General Background and Introduction -- 1.1 Structural and Chemical Composition of Lignin -- 1.2 Major Backbone Units and Representative Linkages in Lignin Molecules -- 1.3 Types of Lignin -- 2 Isolation of Lignin -- 2.1 Lignosulfonates -- 2.2 Kraft Lignin -- 2.3 Soda Lignin -- 2.4 Steam Explosion Lignin -- 2.5 Organosolv Lignins -- 3 Lignin Depolymerization Technologies -- 3.1 Thermal Depolymerization -- 3.1.1 Pyrolysis

3.3.5 Metallic Catalysis -- 3.4 Oxidative Depolymerization of Lignin -- 3.5 Microwave-aided Depolymerization -- 3.6 Electrochemical Lignin Depolymerization -- 3.7 Reductive De-polymerization of Lignin -- 4 Lignin-first Biorefining Process -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Revolutionary "Lignin-first" Method for Lignocellulosic Catalytic Valorization -- 4.2.1 Reductive Catalytic Fractionation -- 4.2.2 From Phenolic Units to Value-added Products -- 4.3 Future Challenges -- 5 Lignin Production -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Pilot-scale -- 5.2.1 Ammonia Fiber Explosion Lignin

5.2.2 Steam Explosion Process -- 5.2.3 BioFlex Process -- 5.2.4 German Lignocellulose Feedstock Biorefinery Project -- 5.2.5 Proesa® Lignin -- 5.2.6 FABIOLATM Lignin -- 5.2.7 Fast Pyrolysis Lignin -- 5.2.8 Sequential Liquid-lignin Recovery and Purification Technology -- 5.3 Commercial scale -- 5.3.1 LignoForceTM Technology -- 5.3.2 LignoBoostTM Technology -- 5.3.3 SunCarbon Lignin -- 5.3.4 Production of Lignosulfonates -- 5.3.5 Kraft Lignin Production -- 5.3.6 Organosolv and Soda Lignin -- 5.3.7 Thermo-mechanical Pulp-bio Lignin -- 5.4 Future Perspectives -- 6 Applications of Lignin

6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Applications -- 6.2.1 Aromatics, Phenolics and Flavoring Compounds -- 6.2.2 Carbon Materials -- 6.2.3 Lignin-based Nanomaterials -- 6.2.4 Biomedical Application -- 6.2.5 Lignin-based Nanocomposites -- 6.2.6 Urethanes and Epoxy Resins -- 6.2.7 Controlled Release Fertilizer -- 6.2.8 Biosensor and Bioimaging -- 6.2.9 Hydrogen Production -- 6.2.10 Battery Material for Energy Storage -- 6.2.11 Dust Control Agent -- 6.2.12 Bitumen Modifier in Road Industry -- 6.2.13 Cement Additives and Building Material -- 6.2.14 Bioplastics -- 6.2.15 Use of Lignin as a Binder