Preface -- Part I ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PARATHYROID GLANDS -- 1 The History: from Fuller Albright to the sequence of Parathyroid Hormone -- 2 Embryology of the parathyroid glands -- 3 PTH and PTH-related peptides -- 4 PTH assays and their clinical significance -- 5 Calcium-control of PTH secretion -- 6 Phosphate control of PTH secretion -- 7 Role of magnesium in Parathyroid Physiology -- 8 The vitamin D/FGF23/PTH axis -- 9 The PTH receptorsome and transduction pathways -- 10 G protein Gsα and GNAS imprinting -- 11 PTH actions on bone and kidney -- 12 PTH and PTHrp: non‐classical target -- 13 In vitro cellular models of parathyroid cells -- II CONDITIONS OF HYPOPARATHYROIDISM -- 14 Epidemiology of hypoparathyropidism -- 15 Clinical Presentation of Hypoparathyroidism -- 16 Isolated, Familial Hypoparathyroidism -- 17 Autoimmune Hypoparathyroidism -- 18 DiGeorge Syndrome (M. Tarsitano) -- 19 Hypoparathyroidism, Deafness and renal dysplasia syndrome -- 20 Hypoparathyroidism, dwarfism, Medullary stenosis of long bones and eye abnormalities (Kenny- Caffey) Syndrome and hypoparathyroidism, retardation and dysmorphism (Sanjad-Sakati) Syndrome -- 21 Hypoparathyroidism in mitochondrial disorders -- 22 Postoperative hypoparathyroidism -- 23 Hypoparathyroidism during pregnancy, lactation, and fetal/neonatal development -- 24 Other forms of acquired hypoparathyroidism (radiation‐induced, infiltrative disorders, heavy‐metal storage disorders, post burn, maternal hyperparathyroidism) -- 25 Refractory hypoparathyroidism -- 26 Bone features in hypoparathyroidism -- 27 Management of acute hypocalcemia -- 28 Conventional Treatment in chronic hypoparathyroidism -- 29 Follow‐up in chronic hypoparathyroidism -- 30 Replacement therapy with PTH1-34 -- 31 Replacement Therapy with PTH1-84 -- III FUNCTIONAL HYPOPARATHYROIDISM -- 32 Classification of pseudohypoparathyroidism and differential diagnosis -- 33 Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia, Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism and Albright HereditaryOsteodystrophy -- 34 Pseudohypoparathyroidisms other than Ia -- 35 Genetic testing in pseudo-hypoparathyroidism -- 36 Blomstrand's chondrodystrophy -- 37 Hypoparathyroidism during magnesium deficiency or excess -- IV ADVOCATING FOR HYPOPARATHYROIDISM -- 38. Advocating For Hypoparathyroidism.