chapter 1 Introduction -- chapter 2 Handwriting: the variations between normal writings -- chapter 3 Handwriting: accidental and deliberate modification of handwriting -- chapter 4 Handwriting: the purposes and principles of scientific examination -- chapter 5 Handwriting: the collection of samples -- chapter 6 Typewriting and typescripts -- chapter 7 The materials of handwritten documents: substances and techniques -- chapter 8 Printed and photocopied document examination -- chapter 9 Incidental marks and other scientific examinations -- chapter 10 The functions of photography in document examination and other special techniques -- chapter 11 Document examination in court.