Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- About Peter Emily -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Part I A History of Veterinary Dentistry and of Teeth, and Dental Therapy of Wild Animals -- Chapter 1 History of Veterinary Dentistry, Including Development of Oral and Dental Treatment of Wild and Zoo, Safari Park and Refuge Animals -- Chapter 2 Odontology: A History of Teeth -- Early Evolution -- Enamel -- Dental Evolution -- Molar Evolution -- References -- Chapter 3 Special Considerations Regarding Equipment and Instruments -- Chapter 4 Dental Form and Function as it Relates to Dental Therapy of Wild Animals -- References -- Chapter 5 Carnivore Dental Therapy -- 5A Conventional (Standard/Normograde) Endodontics Overview -- Atypical Tiger Apical Anatomy -- Bleeding Canals -- Posterior Endodontics -- Pulpotomies -- Apexification/Apexigenisis -- Chapter 5B Surgical Endodontics -- Mandibular Canine Fistulas -- Extra-Oral Access -- Fistulas -- Chapter 5C Periodontics -- Tumors -- Chapter 5D Caries and Endodontic Access Preparation and Restoration -- Prosthodontic Crown Coverage -- Chapter 5E Combined Endodontic-Periodontal Therapy -- Chapter 5F Oral Surgery -- Extraction -- A Case of Surgical Extraction (see Figures 5F.5.1-5F.5.8) -- Case of an Orthodontic Problem Treated by Surgical Extraction to Alleviate Traumatic Occlusion in a Tiger (see Figures 5F.6.1-5F.6.11) -- Case of a Double Soft Tissue Flap Repair of a Large Oronasal Fistula in a Male African Lion (see Figures 5F.7.1-5F.7.11) -- Chapter 6 Herbivore Endodontic Therapy -- 6A Standard and Surgical Endodontics -- Root Canal Therapy in Herbivores -- Posterior Endodontic Procedure -- Reference -- Chapter 7 Marsupial and Herbivore Abscesses -- Chapter 8 Elephant Dentistry -- Chapter 8A Tusk Therapy for Hog, Walrus, Elephant and Hippopotamus.

Hog and Pig Tusk Therapy -- Walrus Tusk Therapy -- Elephant Tusk Therapy -- Molar Extraction -- Hippopotamus Tusk Therapy -- Chapter 8B Practical Elephant Dentistry -- Introduction -- Instrumentarium -- Common Dental Pathology of Elephants Requiring Intervention -- Dental Procedures for Elephants -- References -- Chapter 9 Primate Dentistry -- 9A Endodontics -- Chapter 9B Caries and Restorative Dentistry -- Restorative Procedures -- Chapter 9C Periodontal Disease -- Bone Resorption -- Reference -- Chapter 10 Avian Fractured and Maloccluded Beaks -- Chapter 10A Beak Fracture Repair: Materials and Methods -- A Case of an Ibis with a Fractured and Lost Gnathotheca (Lower Beak) Segment (See Figures 10A.1.1-10A.1.6) -- A Case of a Goose with a Lost Rhinotheca (Upper Beak) Segment (See Figures 10A.2.1-10A.2.6) -- Chapter 10B Orthobeakics -- Equilibration -- Case of a Toucan Malocclusion (See Figures 10B.1.1-10B.1.4) -- A Case of Cross-Beak in a Great Horned Owl (See Figures 10B.2.1-10B.2.3) -- A Case of a Hornbill with a Damaged Rhinotheca (Upper Beak) (See Figures 10B.3.1-10B.3.9) -- Chapter 10C Beak Repair for Amphibians -- A Case of an Amphibian with a Lost Mandibular Beak Segment (See Figures 10C.1-10C.5) -- Chapter 10D Beakistry: Orthognathic Corrections and Surgical Repair of Avian Beaks -- Introduction -- Anatomy and Function -- Occlusal Biomechanical Aspects -- Diagnostic Methods -- Beak and Oral Cavity Disorders and Treatment -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11 Marine Mammal Dentistry -- Introduction -- Disease Conditions -- Oral Examination -- Digital Intraoral Radiology -- Radiographic interpretation -- Treatments for Fractured Teeth -- Exodontics -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 Practical Anesthesia for Captive Wild Animals -- Anesthetic Drug Protocols -- Summary -- Suggested Reading.

Part II Pertinent Dental Information, of 352 Species most often treated in Sanctuaries and Zoos -- Chapter 13 Carnivores: Families: Felid, Bear, Canid, Racoon, Weasel, Civet, Hyena -- Mandibular Function/Jaw Action -- Felidae: The Cat Family -- Felidae Masticate in a Tilted Sideway Motion -- Chapter13A Big Cats -- Bobcat (Lynx Rufus) Acinonox: (North America). The Smallest of the Lynx -- Canadian (Lynx) Acinonox -- the Largest of the Lynx -- Caracal (African Lynx) Acinonox -- European Lynx Acinonox (The Middle Size of the Lynx) -- Cheetah (Acinonox - Africa) -- Cougar (Mountain Lion, Puma) (North America) -- Jaguar (South America) -- Liger (Sterile Hybrid of Tiger (Panthera tigris)/African Lion (Panthera leo)) -- Lion (African) (Africa) -- Serval (Africa) -- Tiger (Central and Western Asia) -- References -- Chapter 13B Small Cats -- African Wild Cat -- Domestic Cat (Worldwide) -- Fishing Cat (Asia) -- Jungle Cat (Middle East, Asia, China) -- Ocelot (Southwest United States, Mexico, Central, and South America) -- Pallas Cat (Manul) (Central Asia) -- Savanah (F1 Hybrid: Serval and Domestic Cat) -- References -- Chapter 14 The Bear Family -- 14A Big Bears -- American Black Bear/Brown Bear (Smallest of the American Bears) (North America) -- Cinnamon Bear (Cinnamon-Colored Subspecies of the Black Bear with the Same Dental Anatomy) -- Grizzly Bear (Omnivore) (North America) -- Himalayan Bear (Asian Bear) -- Kodiak Bear (Omnivore: Phenotypical Grizzly) (Alaska) -- Polar Bear (Primarily Carnivore) (Arctic Circle) -- Spectacled Bear (South America) -- Sun Bear (Southeast Asia) -- References -- Chapter 14B Small Bears -- Sloth Bear (Asia) -- References -- Chapter 15 The Primates -- Primates -- References -- Chapter 15A Lower Primates: Prosimians: Prosimii -- Long Face, Prominent Whiskers, Slightly Sideways-Looking Eyes, Nocturnal.

Aye Aye (Africa - Madagascar) Daubentoniidae Aye Aye: Rarest Primate, Not Closely Related to Other Lemurs (Africa) -- Bush Baby (Africa) -- Indri (Indrisoid Lemurs) (Africa - Madagascar) -- Lemurs (Madagascar) -- Flying Lemurs Philippine Colugo (S. Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Java, Sumatra, Borneo Flying Lemur -- Loris (Asia, Africa) -- Potto (Africa) -- Sifaka (Madagascar) -- Tarsier (Southeast Asia) -- References -- Chapter 15B Higher Primates -- New World Monkeys -- Old World Monkeys (Africa and Asia) -- Yellow Baboon -- APES Suborder Anthropoidea: Have wide open apices - must verify endodontic health with radiographs -- Great Apes -- References -- Chapter 16 Tree Shrews -- Common Tree Shrew (South Malaysia, Indonesia, and Philippines) -- Reference -- Chapter 17 The Dog Family -- African Wild Dog (African Painted Dog) -- Coyote (North America) -- Dhole (Asiatic Wild Dog, Indian Wild Dog) -- Dingo (Australia) -- Domestic Dog (Various Breeds Worldwide) -- Foxes -- Jackal (Africa) -- Wolves -- Reference -- Chapter 18 The Racoon Family -- Coatimundi (Coati) (South America) -- Raccoon (North America) -- Giant Panda (Panda Bear) (China) -- Red Panda (Nepal, Myanmar and Northern China) -- Kinkajou (Central and South America) -- References -- Chapter 19 The Weasel Family: Weasels and Polecats -- Mustelidea -- Black-Footed Ferret (American Polecat) (North America) -- Domestic Ferret (North America) -- Martens -- Mink -- Striped Skunk (Canada, United States and Northern Mexico) -- Weasel (North America) -- Wolverine (Northern Canada and Alaska): Largest of the Terrestrial Mustelids -- Otters -- References -- Chapter 20 The Mongoose Family: Viverridae Civets and Genets Binturong -- Binturong (Bear Cat) (South and Southeast Asia) -- Civet (Asia and Africa) -- Genet (Africa) -- Meerkats (Botswana, Namibia, Angola, and South Africa) -- References.

Chapter 21 The Hyena Family: Strictly Carnivores -- Aardwolf (East and Southern Africa) -- Brown Hyena (Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Southern Mozambique and South Africa): Least Common of the Hyenas -- Smaller than the Spotted Hyena -- Spotted Hyena (Laughing Hyena) (Sub-Saharan Africa): Day Hunter -- Striped Hyena (Middle East, North and East Africa): Night Hunter -- References -- Chapter 22 Marsupials -- American Opossum (North and South America) -- Bandicoots and Bilbies (Australia, New Guinea) -- Cuscuses and Brushtail Possums (Australian Possum) -- Honey Possum (Australia) -- Kangaroos, Wallabies, and Wombats (Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea) Grazers or Browsers -- Kangaroo -- Wallaby -- Koala (South Australia): Eucalyptus Forests -- Marsupial Carnivores -- Ringtails, Pygmy Possums, Gliders (Mostly Australia, with One Species in Papua New Guinea) -- Wombat (Australia) -- References -- Chapter 23 Large Herbivores: The Ungulates -- 23A Primitive Ungulates -- References -- Chapter 23B The Hoofed Mammals -- Odd-Toed Ungulates Feeding Adaptations -- Even-Toed Ungulates -- Ruminant Even-Toed Ungulates -- Spiral-Horned Antelopes -- Giant Eland (Lord Derby Eland) (Africa) -- Browsing Antelopes -- Horse-like Antelopes -- Goat Antelopes -- References -- Chapter 24 Small Herbivores: Rodents -- Feeding Adaptations -- 24A Squirrel-Like Rodents -- Squirrels -- Chapter 24B Mouse-Like Rodents -- Dormouse -- Gerbil (Africa, India, and Asia) -- Hamsters (Syria, Israel, and USA) -- Pocket Mice (America) -- New World Rats and Mice -- Old World Rats and Mice (89 Genera -- 408 Species) -- Voles and Lemmings -- Chapter 24C Cavy-Like Rodents -- Histricomorph Rodents: Capybara, Porcupine, Nutria, Chinchilla Capybara (Central and South America) -- Cavies -- New World Porcupines -- Chapter 24D Other Cavy-Like Rodents -- Agouti (Central Mexico to South Brazil).