Front Cover -- POROUS CARBONS -- POROUS CARBONS: Syntheses and Applications -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 -- Introduction -- 1.1 Carbon materials -- 1.1.1 Classification of carbon materials -- 1.1.2 Structure and nanotexture of carbon materials -- 1.1.3 Carbonization and graphitization -- 1.2 Pores in carbon materials -- 1.3 Identification and evaluation of pores in carbons -- 1.3.1 Gas adsorption -- 1.3.2 Mercury porosimetry -- 1.3.3 Microscopy techniques and image processing -- 1.4 Purposes and construction of this book

1.5 Abbreviations of technical terms employed -- References -- 2 -- Syntheses of porous carbons -- 2.1 Microporous carbons -- 2.1.1 Activation -- 2.1.1.1 Physical activation -- 2.1.1.2 Chemical activation -- 2.1.1.3 Activated carbon fibers -- 2.1.2 Template-assisted carbonization -- 2.1.2.1 Zeolites -- 2.1.2.2 Other hard templates -- 2.1.3 Precursor design -- 2.1.3.1 Polymer blending -- 2.1.3.1.1 Polyvinylpyrrolidone -- 2.1.3.1.2 Poly(methyl methacrylate) -- 2.1.3.1.3 Poly(ethylene glycol) -- 2.1.3.1.4 Poly(ethylene oxide) -- 2.1.3.1.5 Poly(vinyl butyral) -- 2.1.3.1.6 Pitches

2.1.3.2 Molecular design -- 2.1.3.2.1 Labile functional groups -- 2.1.3.2.2 Defluorination -- 2.1.3.2.3 Porous organic frameworks -- 2.1.3.2.4 Metal carbides -- 2.2 Mesoporous carbons -- 2.2.1 Activation -- 2.2.2 Template-assisted carbonization -- 2.2.2.1 Silicas -- 2.2.2.1.1 Mesoporous silicas -- 2.2.2.1.2 Colloidal silicas -- 2.2.2.2 Magnesium oxide -- 2.2.2.3 Eutectic metal salts -- 2.2.2.4 Other hard templates -- 2.2.3 Precursor design -- 2.2.3.1 Polymer blends -- 2.2.3.1.1 Block copolymers -- 2.2.3.1.2 Poly(ethylene glycol) -- 2.2.3.1.3 Poly(methyl methacrylate)

2.2.3.1.4 Poly(vinyl butyral) -- 2.2.3.1.5 Melamine -- 2.2.3.2 Metal organic and covalent organic frameworks -- 2.2.3.3 Carbon aerogels -- 2.2.3.4 Ionic liquids -- 2.2.3.5 Others -- 2.3 Macroporous carbons -- 2.3.1 Carbonization with blowing -- 2.3.1.1 Pyrolysis under pressure -- 2.3.1.2 Addition of blowing agents -- 2.3.1.3 Self-blowing -- 2.3.2 Template-assisted carbonization -- 2.3.3 Precursor design -- 2.3.3.1 Polymer blend -- 2.3.3.2 Exfoliation of graphite oxides -- 2.3.4 Graphene foams -- 2.3.4.1 Assemblage of reduced graphene oxide -- 2.3.4.1.1 Hydrothermal treatment

2.3.4.1.2 Freeze-drying -- 2.3.4.1.3 Templating -- 2.3.4.1.4 Solvent evaporation -- 2.3.4.1.5 Cross-linking -- 2.3.4.1.6 3D-printing -- 2.3.4.2 Assemblage of graphene nanoflakes -- 2.3.5 Assemblage of carbon nanotubes -- 2.3.6 Other processes -- 2.4 Hierarchically porous carbons -- 2.4.1 Carbonization with dual assistances -- 2.4.2 Carbonization process design -- 2.4.3 Inheritance of precursor texture -- References -- 3 . Porous carbons for energy storage and conversion -- 3.1 Rechargeable batteries -- 3.1.1 Intercalation-type lithium-ion batteries -- 3.1.1.1 Graphitized carbons