This book gathers the peer-reviewed papers presented at the Second RILEM International Conference on Earthen Construction (ICEC), held in Edinburgh, United Kingdom, on July 8-10, 2024. It highlights the latest advances and innovations in the field of con earth-based building materials and construction. The conference topics encompass material characterisation and quality control, hydro-mechanical behaviour, reinforcement behaviour, seismic behaviour, in situ and field testing, additive manufacturing (3D printing), rheology, biostabilisation, molecular simulation, microstructure, durability, fire performance, hygro-thermal behaviour, life cycle analysis, climate change adaptation, economic impacts, and earthen architecture. As such, the book represents an invaluable, up-to-the-minute tool, and offers an important platform to engineers, architects, and geophysicists.