This book thoroughly examines aerosol pollution and aerosol atmospheric rivers (narrow corridors of concentrated suspended aerosols in the sky), exploring their significant effects on human health, the environment, and global climate. Readers will find detailed discussions on these phenomena' sources, composition, patterns, and advanced methods for their detection, monitoring, and mitigation. Each chapter examines the complex dynamics of aerosol atmospheric rivers and the use of data mining and artificial intelligence in analyzing aerosol pollution. The book also highlights the interactions between aerosol pollution, aerosol atmospheric rivers, and particulate matter concentrations with associated risk, offering practical adaptation, mitigation, and resilience strategies.