This book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Simplifying Medical Ultrasound, ASMUS 2024, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2024, the 27th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention. The conference took place in Marrakesh, Morocco on October 6, 2024. The 21 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 34 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Image Acquisition, Synthesis and Enhancement; Tracking, Registration and Image-guided Interventions; Segmentation; and Classification and Detection.