Blue carbon ecosystems are of tremendous value towards the utilization of high-salinity water, such as seawater, as well as hyper-saline soils, and salt-tolerant biota for the production of biomass, for food, animal feed, fiber, fuel, carbon sequestration and other economic purposes. In order to achieve the 17 SDGs, scientific research into blue carbon ecosystems is an absolutely important element. Moreover, monitoring is needed as well as the conservation of the remaining blue carbon ecosystems, and the restoration of lost habitats. The book will provide comprehensive scientific documentation inspiring the way forward on how to utilize saline resources in the best interest of humanity. It will try to foster the academic research and networking for land-users, politicians, development banks, innovative farmers, investors, energy - producers, and carbon-off-setters. The papers presented in this book emanate from a conference held at the Yokohama National University (Japan) in January 2023.