This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Machines, Computations, and Universality, MCU 2024, held in Nice, France, during June 5-7, 2024. The 8 full papers and 1 invited paper in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions. The scope of the conference topics includes, but is not limited to, computation in the setting of various discrete models Turing machines, register machines, cellular automata, tile assembly systems, rewriting systems, molecular computing models, neural models, analog and hybrid models, BSS machines, infinite time cellular automata, real machines, quantum computing, and the meaning and implantation of universality in these contexts. .