Many advances have been made in plant breeding during the last few decades, which has added an altogether new dimension to legume breeding. This book explains theoretical as well as latest advances in plant-breeding practices, tools and techniques, including developments in genomics. It describes crop origin, reproduction, biology, genetic principles, and other developments applicable in plant-breeding. It also covers descriptions of well-established and novel plant-breeding techniques, and discussions on crop-specific, plant-breeding objectives with emphasis on market-oriented variety development. The chapters describe focused breeding procedures for the major legumes as per their economic importance. This book provides knowledge of modern breeding tools for developing climate-resilient and micronutrient-rich varieties of different pulse crops. The chapters also describe both conventional and non-conventional breeding approaches adopted by the plant breeders for each crop. This book serves as a reference for the post-graduate, plant-breeding students as well as plant breeders.