This book explores the role of nanotechnology in improving air quality and environmental sustainability. It highlights the use of advanced nanomaterials such as nano-sensors, nano-catalysts, nanomembranes, and nano-biomaterials in pollution detection, monitoring, prevention, and remediation. Air quality is a critical component of public health and ecological balance. Rapid industrialization, urban expansion, and natural calamities have significantly increased the levels of air pollutants, posing serious risks to humans and ecosystems. Traditional methods of air purification and monitoring often fall short in managing the scale and complexity of modern pollutants. Nanotechnology provides a transformative approach, offering materials and devices with unique properties such as high reactivity, sensitivity, and durability. This book presents a comprehensive overview of current nanotechnological interventions in air quality management. It discusses the scientific basis, material properties, applications, and limitations, supported by real-world case studies and experimental data. This book benefits researchers, environmental scientists, nanotechnologists, engineers, and policymakers engaged in air quality, sustainability, and environmental technology. It serves as a valuable resource for academic professionals and industry practitioners seeking to understand or apply nanotechnology in environmental monitoring and pollution control.