This book provides a comprehensive guide to land restoration, focusing on the Global South's drylands. By adopting ecosystem-based approaches it explores the interplay between landscapes, ecosystems, and socio-ecological sustainability in these sensitive regions. The book features diverse case studies and examines various sectors, explaining the challenges posed by climate change and highlighting the role of scientific, technological, and traditional knowledge in fostering adaptive strategies. It emphasizes practical, action-oriented approaches for disaster risk reduction through ecosystem-based approaches. By offering tangible solutions, the text goes beyond theoretical frameworks, serving as a valuable resource for action research. The book aims to inspire efforts to restore and safeguard fragile dryland ecosystems in the Global South. It addresses the urgency of environmental challenges in these regions and presents a holistic framework integrating ecological, social, cultural and technological dimensions. This book is relevant to a diverse audience, including researchers, environmental practitioners, policymakers, and conservationist advocates. Overall, it serves as an essential reference for those dedicated to positively impacting the delicate ecological balance in the drylands of the Global South.