The book discusses the transformative power of natural pigments derived from biological sources to combat the environmental and health challenges posed by synthetic dyes. It highlights the growing global demand for biocolours as a viable and impactful alternative to synthetic counterparts by focusing on sustainability and eco-friendliness. Chapters explore diverse sources of biocolours, including plants, microorganisms, algae, insects, and animals. It comprehensively addresses the science behind biocolours, their biochemistry, production methods, extraction and purification strategies, and industrial applications. The chapters also discuss large-scale bioprocessing techniques, environmental impacts, regulatory frameworks, and the future potential of biocolours in creating a sustainable and vibrant world. This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, industry professionals, students, policymakers, and anyone invested in advancing sustainable industrial practices. It provides practical insights, scientific expertise, and innovative approaches, making it an indispensable guide for understanding and leveraging biocolours in modern industries.