By closely integrating pathophysiological concepts into the diagnostic process, this book adopts a strong analytical approach to the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. A syndrome-based calibrated strategy takes into account confusing similarities and emphasizes key differences between diseases, and helps build valuable concepts that serve the clinician in unravelling diagnostic dilemmas in real-world settings. Dedicated chapters illustrate how the incorporation of critical thinking strategies into the diagnostic reasoning process helps formulate a pragmatic differential diagnosis from a broad range of candidate conditions, with logical progression to the most likely diagnosis. The unique format of this book provides an excellent framework for teaching, and for enhancing the diagnostic acumen of students of Pulmonary and Internal Medicine. This format also makes the book an ideal quick-reference source for pulmonologists and physicians in clinical practice.