Title:
Microbial colorants : chemistry, biosynthesis and applications
ISBN:
9781394287888
9781394287871
9781394287864
Physical Description:
1 online resource
Contents:
Cover -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgement -- Part I: Microbial Pigment Sources and Diversity -- Chapter 1 Introduction to Microbial Colorants -- 1.1 Background and Significance -- 1.2 Classification of Microbial Pigments -- 1.2.1 Classification Based on the Source -- 1.2.1.1 Bacterial Pigments -- 1.2.1.2 Fungal Pigments -- 1.2.1.3 Algal Pigments -- 1.2.1.4 Pigments from Cyanobacteria -- 1.2.1.5 Pigments from Lichens -- 1.2.1.6 Pigments from Yeasts, Actinomycetes, and Archaea -- 1.2.1.7 Conventional Microbial Pigment Sources -- 1.2.1.8 Nonconventional Microbial Pigment Sources -- 1.2.2 Classification Based on the Chemical Nature of Pigments -- 1.2.2.1 Carotenoids -- 1.2.2.2 Terpenoids -- 1.2.2.3 Chlorophylls -- 1.2.2.4 Flavins -- 1.2.2.5 Polyketides -- 1.2.2.6 Amino Acid Derivatives -- 1.2.2.7 Cyclic Peptides -- 1.2.2.8 Indigoids -- 1.2.2.9 Betalains -- 1.3 Industrial Applications of Microbial Pigments -- 1.3.1 Food Industry -- 1.3.2 Pharmaceutical Industry -- 1.3.3 Cosmetics Industry -- 1.3.4 Textile Industry -- 1.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Bacterial Pigments: Diversity and Biosynthesis Pathways -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Diversity of Bacterial Pigments -- 2.2.1 Carotenoids -- 2.2.1.1 Structure -- 2.2.1.2 Function -- 2.2.1.3 Biosynthesis -- 2.2.2 Prodiginines -- 2.2.2.1 Structure -- 2.2.2.2 Function -- 2.2.2.3 Biosynthesis -- 2.2.3 Pyocyanin -- 2.2.3.1 Structure -- 2.2.3.2 Function -- 2.2.3.3 Biosynthesis -- 2.2.4 Quinones -- 2.2.4.1 Structure -- 2.2.4.2 Function -- 2.2.4.3 Biosynthesis -- 2.2.5 Other Bacterial Pigments -- 2.2.5.1 Phycoerythrin -- 2.2.5.2 Phycocyanin -- 2.2.5.3 Melanin -- 2.2.5.4 Violacein -- 2.2.5.5 Indigoidine -- 2.2.5.6 Flexirubin -- 2.2.5.7 Pyoverdine -- 2.2.5.8 Aura Chin -- 2.3 Applications of Bacterial Pigments -- 2.3.1 Food Industry -- 2.3.2 Medical Field.
2.3.3 Energy-Related Technologies -- 2.3.4 Other Applications -- 2.4 Future Research -- 2.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3 Fungal Pigments: A Sustainable Alternative to Synthetic Colors -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 What are Fungal Pigments? -- 3.3 Why Fungal Pigments? -- 3.4 Source of Fungal Pigments -- 3.4.1 Alternaria spp. -- 3.4.2 Aspergillus spp. -- 3.4.3 Chaetomium spp. -- 3.4.4 Daldinia spp. -- 3.4.5 Fusarium spp. -- 3.4.6 Hypoxylon spp. -- 3.4.7 Monascus spp. -- 3.4.8 Neurospora spp. -- 3.4.9 Penicillium spp. -- 3.4.10 Pyrenophora spp. -- 3.4.11 Talaromyces spp. -- 3.4.12 Trichoderma spp. -- 3.4.13 Other Genera -- 3.5 Extraction Methods of Fungal Pigments -- 3.5.1 Extracellular Pigment Extraction -- 3.5.2 Intracellular Pigment Extraction -- 3.5.2.1 Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technique -- 3.5.2.2 Microwave-Assisted Extraction -- 3.5.2.3 Ionic Liquid-Assisted Extraction -- 3.5.2.4 Supercritical Extraction -- 3.5.2.5 Pulsed Electric Field -- 3.5.2.6 Pressurized Liquid Extraction -- 3.6 Applications of Fungal Pigments -- 3.6.1 Fungal Pigments in Food Industry -- 3.6.2 Fungal Pigments Applications in Textile Industry -- 3.6.3 Fungal Pigment as Antibacterial Agent -- 3.6.4 Fungal Pigments as Antioxidants -- 3.6.5 Fungal Pigments in Cosmetic Industry -- 3.6.6 Fungal Pigments as Anticancerous Agents -- 3.7 Limitations and Challenges -- 3.8 Mycotoxicity Testing -- 3.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Algal and Cyanobacterial Colorants: From Chlorophyll to Phycocyanin -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Microalgae Pigments -- 4.2.1 Chlorophyll Pigments -- 4.2.2 Phycobiliprotein Pigments -- 4.2.3 Carotenoid Pigments -- 4.3 Production and Extraction Methodologies for Enhancement the Pigment Productivity -- 4.3.1 Microalgae Production -- 4.3.1.1 Microalgae Cultivation Systems -- 4.3.1.2 Culture Conditions.
4.3.2 Extraction of Microalgae Pigments -- 4.4 Industrial Applications and Market Trends of Microalgae Pigments -- 4.5 Sustainability of Microalgae Pigments and Future Perspectives -- 4.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Nonconventional Microbial Sources-Yeast, Actinomycetes, Archaea -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Nonconventional Microbes -- 5.2.1 Nonconventional Yeasts -- 5.2.1.1 Kluyveromyces marxianus -- 5.2.1.2 Kluyveromyces lactis -- 5.2.1.3 Yarrowia lipolytica -- 5.2.1.4 Hansenula polymorpha -- 5.2.1.5 Trichosporon oleaginosus -- 5.2.1.6 Debaryomyces hansenii -- 5.2.1.7 Dekkera bruxellensis -- 5.2.1.8 Pichia pastoris -- 5.2.1.9 Pichia kudriavzevii -- 5.2.1.10 Scheffersomyces stipitis -- 5.2.1.11 Rhodotorula toruloides -- 5.2.2 Actinomycetes -- 5.2.2.1 Corynebacterium -- 5.2.2.2 Rhodococcus -- 5.2.2.3 Streptomyces -- 5.2.3 Archaea -- 5.3 Nonconventional Hosts with Important Industrial Applications -- 5.4 Genetic Engineering Tools for Nonconventional Microbes -- 5.4.1 Plasmids -- 5.4.2 Promoters and Terminators -- 5.4.3 DNA Repair -- 5.4.4 RNA Interference -- 5.4.5 CRISPR/Cas9 -- 5.5 Software Packaging Tools for CRISPR Screen Evaluation -- 5.5.1 MAGeCK-VISPR -- 5.5.2 CRISPhieRmix -- 5.5.3 JACKS -- 5.5.4 BAGEL2 -- 5.5.5 acCRISPR -- 5.6 Comprehensive Understanding of Genetic Modification Tools on Microbial Nonconventional Platforms -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Chemistry of Microbial Pigments -- Chapter 6 Introduction to Chemistry of Microbial Colorants: Structures, Properties, and Biosynthesis -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Isoprenoid Pigments -- 6.2.1 Carotenoids -- 6.2.1.1 Properties of Carotenoids -- 6.2.1.2 Biosynthesis of Carotenoids -- 6.3 Flavins -- 6.3.1 Riboflavin (B2) -- 6.3.1.1 Properties of Riboflavin -- 6.3.1.2 Biosynthesis of Riboflavin -- 6.4 Tetrapyrrole-Containing Pigments -- 6.4.1 Chlorophylls.
6.4.1.1 Biosynthesis of Chlorophylls -- 6.4.2 Phycobilins -- 6.4.2.1 Properties of Phycobilins -- 6.4.2.2 Biosynthesis of Phycobilins -- 6.4.3 Indigoids -- 6.4.3.1 Properties of Indigoids -- 6.4.3.2 Biosynthesis of Indigo -- 6.5 Alkaloid Pigments -- 6.5.1 Prodigiosines -- 6.5.1.1 Properties of Prodigiosines -- 6.5.1.2 Biosynthesis of Prodigiosin -- 6.5.2 Betalains -- 6.5.2.1 Properties of Betacyanins and Betaxanthins -- 6.5.2.2 Biosynthesis of Betalains -- 6.5.3 Violacein -- 6.5.3.1 Properties of Violacein -- 6.5.3.2 Biosynthesis of Violacein -- 6.5.4 Phenazines -- 6.5.4.1 Properties of Pyocyanin -- 6.5.4.2 Biosynthesis of Phenazines -- 6.6 Polyketide Pigments -- 6.6.1 Quinones -- 6.6.1.1 Properties of Quinones -- 6.6.1.2 Biosynthesis of Quinones -- 6.6.2 Azaphilones -- 6.6.2.1 Properties of Azaphilones -- 6.6.2.2 Biosynthesis of Azaphilones -- 6.7 Phenol-Containing Pigments -- 6.7.1 Styrylpyrones -- 6.7.1.1 Biosynthesis of Hispidin -- 6.8 Melanins -- 6.8.1 Properties of Melanins -- 6.8.2 Biosynthesis of Melanins -- 6.9 Siderophores -- 6.9.1 Properties of Siderophores -- 6.9.2 Biosynthesis of Siderophores -- 6.10 Conclusion and Future Prospectives -- References -- Chapter 7 Microbial Pigment Extraction and Purification Techniques -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Solid-Liquid Extraction Techniques -- 7.2.1 Conventional Solid-Liquid Extraction Techniques -- 7.2.2 Process Intensification Using Advanced Techniques -- 7.2.2.1 Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction -- 7.2.2.2 Microwave-Assisted Extraction -- 7.2.2.3 Pulsed Electric Field-Assisted Extraction -- 7.2.2.4 Pressurized-Liquid Extraction (PLE) -- 7.2.2.5 Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) -- 7.2.2.6 Enzyme-Assisted Extraction (EAE) -- 7.2.3 Extraction Using Non-Conventional Solvents -- 7.3 Purification of Microbial Pigments -- 7.4 Polishing Operations -- 7.5 Conclusions.
Declaration of Generative AI in Scientific Writing -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8 Extraction and Purification of Microbial Pigments: Eco-Friendly Techniques and Applications -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Classification of Microbial Pigments -- 8.2.1 Pigments of Algal -- 8.2.2 Pigments of Bacteria -- 8.2.3 Pigments of Cyanobacteria -- 8.2.4 Pigments of Fungal -- 8.2.5 Pigments of Lichens -- 8.2.6 Pigments from Yeasts -- 8.3 Extraction Techniques -- 8.3.1 Ultrasound Extraction Process -- 8.3.2 Microwave Extraction Process -- 8.3.3 Enzyme Extraction Process -- 8.3.4 Supercritical Fluid Extraction -- 8.3.5 Pressurized Fluid Extraction Process -- 8.3.6 Ionic Liquids-Assisted Extraction -- 8.4 Purification Techniques -- 8.5 Applications -- 8.5.1 Usage in Food and Beverage Industry -- 8.5.2 Usage in Textile Industry -- 8.5.3 Usage in Cosmetic Industry -- 8.5.4 Usage in Medical -- 8.6 Challenges and Future Perspectives -- 8.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9 Chlorophylls: The Verdant World of Photosynthetic Pigments -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Photosynthesis Types -- 9.3 Photosynthetic Micro-Organisms -- 9.4 Structural Diversity of Chlorophyll -- 9.4.1 Chlorophylls -- 9.4.2 Chlorophylls in Cyanobacteria -- 9.4.3 Photosynthetic Systems of Cyanobacteria -- 9.4.4 Chlorophylls in Microbial Algae -- 9.4.5 Chlorophylls a and b in Green Algae -- 9.4.6 Chlorophyll c in Brown Algae -- 9.4.7 Chlorophyll d in Red Algae -- 9.4.8 Chlorophylls Specific to Other Groups of Algae -- 9.5 Bacteriochlorophylls (BChl) -- 9.5.1 Bacteriochlorophylls a, b, c, d, e, f, g -- 9.6 Chlorophyll Biosynthetic Pathway -- 9.7 Enzymes Implicated in Chlorophyll Pathways -- 9.8 The Function of Chlorophylls in Microbes -- 9.9 Biotechnological Applications of Microbial Chlorophylls -- 9.10 Prospects for Research and Applications -- 9.11 Conclusion -- References.
Abstract:
The book is a must-buy for anyone interested in the burgeoning field of microbial colorants, as it provides an extensive exploration of their sources, chemistry, and diverse applications, while addressing crucial aspects of environmental sustainability and regulatory considerations. Microbial Colorants: Chemistry, Biosynthesis and Applications offers a comprehensive and in-depth exploration of microbial colorants, covering their sources, chemical properties, biosynthesis, and a wide range of applications. The volume compiles information on microbial and non-conventional pigment sources as well as environmental sustainability and regulatory aspects surrounding their use. The first half of the book delves into the sources and chemistry of microbial pigments, covering a variety of topics including bacterial pigments, fungal pigments, algal and cyanobacterial colorants, and more. Readers will gain insight into the diverse world of microbial pigments and the science behind their vibrant colors. The second half of the book focuses on the practical aspects of microbial colorants, including extraction and purification techniques, biotechnological approaches to enhance production, environmental sustainability, and regulatory considerations. It also explores the numerous applications of microbial colorants in industries such as food, cosmetics, textiles, and technology. Microbial colorants are gaining increasing attention due to their natural and sustainable properties. As the world seeks eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic dyes and colorants, microbial pigments offer a promising solution. This book aims to bridge the knowledge gap by providing a comprehensive resource for researchers, students, and professionals interested in this emerging field. Readers will find the book: Explores various microbial pigments and their sources; Reviews pigment isolation, biosynthesis, and processing techniques; Discusses potential applications of pigments across a range of products in the food and beverage industry, pharmaceutical industry, and textile dyeing industry; Covers food safety and toxicity aspects of using microbial pigments as food colorants and includes the latest innovations in the use of microbial pigments in the textile industrial sector for dyeing and finishing purposes; Provides regulatory considerations and compliance requirements for using microbial colorants in various industries. Audience The book is meant for researchers, academics, and industry experts working in fields related to pigment production, chemistry, isolation, and applications in the food and beverage, medicine, and textile industries. The book will be beneficial to synthetic organic chemists who work in the field of drug development.
Local Note:
John Wiley and Sons
Genre:
Electronic Access:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781394287888Copies:
Available:*
Library | Material Type | Item Barcode | Shelf Number | Status | Item Holds |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Searching... | E-Book | 599857-1001 | TP919 .M53 2025 | Searching... | Searching... |