Front Cover -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1. Determining Pharmacological Intractability -- 1.1 The Definition of Intractability Is a Function of Epilepsy Syndrome -- 1.2 The Role of New Antiepileptic Medications in the Determination of Intractability -- 1.3 Intractability in Children and the Role of the Ketogenic Diet -- 2. Surgically Treatable Epilepsy Syndromes in Adults -- 2.4 The Anatomy and Pathophysiology of Mesial Temporal Epilepsy -- 2.5 What Is the Role of Surgery in MRI-Normal Temporal Lobe Epilepsy? -- 2.6 What Is the Significance of Dysplasia Associated with Mesial Temporal Sclerosis? -- 3.7 What Is the Place of Early Surgical Intervention in Children? -- 3.8 What Are the Roles of Medical and Surgical Management in Rasmussen's Encephalitis? -- 3.9 The Role of Neurosurgery for the Landau-Kleffner Syndrome -- 4. Integrative Neuropsychology in the Preoperative Workup of the Epilepsy Surgery Patient -- 4.10 The Use of Neuropsychological Testing to Locate the Epileptogenic Zone -- 4.11 Is the Wada Test a Useful Predictor of Memory Outcome? -- 4.12 When Is the Wada Test Necessary for Temporal Lobectomy? -- 5. Neurophysiological Studies in the Epilepsy Presurgical Evaluation -- 5.13 Sphenoidal Electrodes -- 5.14 The Role of Depth and Subdural Electrodes in the Workup of Surgical Candidates -- 5.15 The Role of Noninvasive Video-EEG Monitoring -- 5.16 Ictal Semiology and the Presurgical Workup -- 6. MRI Evaluation in Epilepsy and in the Epilepsy Presurgical Evaluation -- 6.17 Will fMRI Replace the Wada Test? -- 6.18 The Role of MRS in the Evaluation of Patients for Epilepsy Surgery -- 7. Radiotracer Studies in the Epilepsy Presurgical Evaluation -- 7.19 Overview of PET in Epilepsy and Epilepsy Surgery -- 7.20 Overview of PET in Epilepsy and Epilepsy Surgery.

8. Resective Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy -- 8.21 Language Mapping for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy -- 8.22 Intraoperative Electrocorticography in the Temporal Resection -- 8.23 Is It Necessary to Include the Entorhinal Cortex in Temporal Resections? -- 8.24 The Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy -- 8.25 Is Surgery Ever Indicated in Bitemporal Epilepsy? -- 8.26 Can Resection Ever Be Done in the Language-Dominant Hemisphere in Patients with Intact Memory? -- 9. Neocortical Resections and Lesionectomies -- 9.27 Are Multiple Subpial Transections Effective and Useful? -- 9.28 What Is the Best Way to Resect Lesions? -- 10. Corpus Callosotomy: Indications, Surgical Procedures, and Outcomes -- 10.29 Corpus Callosotomy: Its Place in Modern Surgical Decision Making -- 10.30 Indications for Corpus Callosum Section -- 11. Hemispherectomy: Historical Perspective and Current Surgical Overview -- 11.31 Hemispherectomy: What Is the Best Surgical Approach? -- 11.32 Functional Hemispherectomy -- 11.33 Peri-insular Hemispherotomy -- 11.34 Hemispherical Deafferentation via the Trans-sylvian Keyhole -- 11.35 Hemicorticectomy -- 12. Vagus Nerve Stimulation: History and Overview -- 12.36 The Efficacy of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Relative to Other Medical and Surgical Treatments -- 12.37 Should VNS Be Considered Before Corpus Callosotomy? -- 12.38 Is Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy Effective for Generalized Epilepsy? -- 12.39 The Antiseizure Effect of VNS Is Mediated by Ascending Pathways -- 13. What Is the Best Way to Measure Outcome? -- 13.40 Epilepsy Surgery Outcome Measurement Requires Comprehensive Assessment -- 13.41 How Often Does Surgery ''Cure'' Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Adults? -- 13.42 Altered Ictal Semiology as an Outcome of Temporal Resection -- 14. Outcomes of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery.

14.43 Are Prospective, Randomized Trials Necessary? Review: The Role of Randomized, Controlled Trials in Epilepsy Surgery -- 14.44 Prospective, Controlled, Randomized Trials of Epilepsy Surgery Are Necessary -- 14.45 When Are Prospective, Controlled, Randomized Outcome Trials of Epilepsy Surgery Really Justified? -- 15. Outcomes of Extratemporal Epilepsy Surgery -- 15.46 Neurosurgical Treatment Is Important for Nonlesional Extratemporal Epilepsy -- 15.47 The Limited Role of Resective Surgery in Nonlesional Neocortical Epilepsy -- 16. Psychosocial and Vocational Outcomes: A Perspective on Patient Rehabilitation -- 16.48 Use of Full-Band EEG for NoninvasiveIctal Localization -- 16.49 Magnetoencephalography (MEG) -- 50. Flumazenil PET -- 51. Optical Imaging of Human Neocortical Epilepsy -- 52. Radiosurgery for Intractable Epilepsy -- 53. Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy -- 54. Prospects for Developing Electrical Stimulation of the Cortex for Treatment of Intractable Seizures -- 55. Focal Cortical Cooling -- Index.