Preface -- 1 Introduction to Viral Vectors 1 Anjali P. Bedse, Suchita P. Dhamane, Shilpa S. Raut, Komal P. Mahajan and Kajal P. Baviskar -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Baculovirus Vectors -- 1.3 Adenovirus Vectors -- 1.4 Poxvirus Vectors -- 1.5 Herpes Virus Vectors -- 1.6 Epstein-Barr Virus Vectors -- 1.7 Retrovirus Vectors -- 1.8 Lentivirus Vectors -- 1.9 Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) -- 1.10 Applications of Viral Vectors -- 1.11 Safety Issues of Viral Vector/Biosafety Challenges -- 1.12 Co nclusion -- 2 Viral Vector Construction 25 Suneetha Vuppu, Toshika Mishra, Shatakshi Mishra, Stany B. and Anushka Das -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Applications of Viral Vector -- 2.3 Viral Vectors -- 2.4 Construction of Viral Vectors -- 2.5 Challenges -- 2.6 Advancements in Technology of Viral Vector Construction -- 2.7 Conclusion and Future Prospects -- 3 The Role of Adjuvants in the Application of Viral Vector Vaccines 65 Vivek P. Chavda, Anjali P. Bedse and Shilpa S. Raut -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Viral Vector Vaccines: A Powerful Platform -- 3.3 Challenges Associated with Viral Vector Vaccines -- 3.4 The Role of Adjuvants in Overcoming Challenges -- 3.5 Optimizing Adjuvant Design for Viral Vector Vaccines -- 3.6 Conclusion -- 4 Replication-Competent Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery 91 Vivek P. Chavda, Pankti C. Balar, Dixa A. Vaghela, Divya Teli, Amit Chaudhari and Shahnaz Alom -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Types of Replication-Competent Viral Vectors -- 4.3 Mechanisms of RCVV-Mediated Vaccination -- 4.4 Applications of Replication-Competent Viral Vectors -- 4.5 Conclusion -- 5 Nonreplicating Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery 125 Pankti C. Balar and Vivek P. Chavda -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Nonreplicating Viral Vectors: Types and Characteristics -- 5.3 Engineering Nonreplicating Viral Vectors for Vaccine Design -- 5.4 Applications of Nonreplicating Viral Vectors in Vaccinology -- 5.5 Optimizing Nonreplicating Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery -- 5.6 Challenges and Future Perspectives -- 5.7 Conclusion -- 6 Genetically Modified Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery 149 Deepshi Arora, Yugam Taneja, Diksha Gulati, Manish Kumar, Anil Pareek and Rupesh K. Gautam -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Genetic Modification of Viral Vectors -- 6.3 Applications of Genetically Modified Viral Vectors -- 6.4 Administration of Vaccines -- 6.5 Immune Response and Protection -- 6.6 Case Studies -- 6.7 Challenges and Future Directions -- 6.8 Conclusion -- 7 DNA- and RNA-Based Viral Vectors 179 Devesh U. Kapoor, Bhumi Bhatt, Dipansu Sahu, Rajiv R. Kakkar, Sonam M. Gandhi and Rupesh K. Gautam -- 7.1 Introduction to Viral Vectors -- 7.2 Basics of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Viruses -- 7.3 DNA-Based Viral Vectors -- 7.4 RNA-Based Viral Vectors -- 7.5 Vector Engineering and Modifications -- 7.6 Preclinical and Clinical Applications -- 7.7 Conclusion -- 8 Manufacturing and Control of Viral-Vector Vaccines: Challenges 221 Vivek P. Chavda, Dixa A. Vaghela, Dhunusmita Barman, Arzoo Newar and Ahmed Nasima -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Fundamentals of Viral-Vectored Vaccine Manufacturing -- 8.3 Challenges in Manufacturing Viral-Vectored Vaccines -- 8.4 Quality Control and Assurance in Vaccine Manufacturing -- 8.5 Technological Advances and Innovations in Manufacturing -- 8.6 Supply Chain and Distribution Challenges -- 8.7 Regulatory Hurdles and Compliances -- 8.8 Future Perspectives and Emerging Solutions -- 8.9 Conclusion -- 9 Viral Vectors in Veterinary Vaccine Development 257 Anup Kumar, Pooja Pandita, Harsh Modi, Shahnaz Alom and Vivek P. Chavda -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Basics of Viral Vectors -- 9.3 Genetic Engineering of Viral Vectors -- 9.4 Delivery System for Viral Vector Vaccines -- 9.5 Routes of Administration for Viral Vector Vaccines -- 9.6 Comparative Analysis of Different Administration Routes -- 9.7 Applications of Viral Vectors in Veterinary Vaccine Development -- 9.8 Immunology and Immune Response -- 9.9 Safety and Regulatory Considerations -- 9.10 Notable Examples of Viral Vector Vaccines in Veterinary Medicine and Their Impact on Animal Health and Agriculture -- 9.11 Challenges and Future Directions -- 9.12 Conclusion -- 10 Advantages and Challenges of Viral Vector Vaccines 317 Shilpa Dawre, Mahendra Prajapati and Ganesh Shevalkar -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Types of Viral Vectors for Vaccine Development -- 10.3 Mechanism of Action of Viral Vectors -- 10.4 Advantages of Viral Vector Vaccines -- 10.5 Challenges of Viral Vector Vaccine -- 10.6 Conclusion -- 11 Commercially Available Viral Vectors and Vaccines 341 Vasso Apostolopoulos, Pankti C. Balar, Arun Kumar Singh and Vivek P. Chavda -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Viral Vector-Based Vaccines, Licensed for Humans -- 11.3 Conclusion -- 12 Emerging Viral-Vector Technologies: Future Potential 357 Vasso Apostolopoulos, Pankti C. Balar and Vivek P. Chavda -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 New Emerging Viral Vectors for Vaccines -- 12.3 Viral Vector Vaccines: What is Good and What is Not So Good -- 12.4 Conclusion -- References -- Index.