Part I: Introduction -- Bridging Materials and Pressure Gaps in Surface Science and Heterogeneous Catalysis -- Part II: Model Systems for Nanocatalysts to Bridge Materials Gap -- Shape-Controlled Nanoparticles: Effect of Shape on Catalytic Activity, Selectivity, and Long-term Stability -- Non-Colloidal Nanocatalysts Fabricated with Nanolithography and Arc Plasma Deposition -- Dendrimer Encapsulated Metal Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Application in Catalysis -- Core-Shell Nanoarchitectures as Stable Nanocatalysts -- Shape-Controlled Bimetallic Nanocatalysts in Fuel Cells: Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Studies -- Part III: In situ Surface Characterization to Bridge Pressure Gaps -- Role of Surface Oxides on Model Nanocatalysts in Catalytic Activity of CO Oxidation -- Influence of Atomic Structure, Steps and Kinks, on the Catalytic Activity: In situ Surface Studies -- The Development of Ambient Pressure X-Ray Photoelectron Spectros-Copy and its Application to Surface Science -- Electronic Excitations on Surfaces During Chemical and Photon Process.  .