PART I BIOSYNTHESIS OF POLYAMINES,- 1 Biosynthesis of Polyamines in Eukaryotes, Archaea, and Bacteria -- 2 Long-Chain and Branched Polyamines in Thermophilic Microbes -- 3 Regulation and Diversity of Polyamine Biosynthesis in Plants -- PART II CATABOLISM OF POLYAMINES -- 4 Polyamine Catabolism in Prokaryotes -- 5 Mammalian Polyamine Catabolism -- 6 Polyamine Catabolism in Plants -- PART III POLYAMINE HOMEOSTASIS -- 7 Antizyme -- 8 Bacterial Antizyme -- 9 Polyamine Homeostasis in Plants: The Role(s) of Evolutionarily Conserved Upstream ORFs -- PART IV ROLES OF POLYAMINES IN GROWTH -- 10 Role of the Polyamine Spermidine as a Precursor for Hypusine Modification in eIF5A -- 11 The Polyamine Modulon: Genes Encoding Proteins Whose Synthesis Is Enhanced by Polyamines at the Level of Translation -- 12 Protein Synthesis and Polyamines in Thermophiles: Effect of Polyamines on Nucleic Acid Maintenance and Gene Expression -- PART V ROLES OF POLYAMINES IN SURVIVAL -- 13 Polyamines in Plant Stress Response -- PART VI POLYAMINE TRANSPORTERS -- 14 Recent Advances in Bacterial Polyamine Transport Systems -- 15 Polyamine Transport Systems in Plants -- PART VII POLYAMINE-DERIVED SECONDARY METABOLITES -- 16 Polyamine-Derived Alkaloids in Plants: Molecular Elucidation of Biosynthesis -- 17 Polyamine Toxins from Spiders and Wasps -- PART VIII ACTION OF POLYAMINES ON ION CHANNELS -- 18 Polyamine Block of Inwardly Rectifying Potassium (Kir) Channels -- 19 Polyamine Action on Plant Ion Channels and Pumps -- 20 Regulation of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptors by Spermine and Ifenprodil -- PART IX POLYAMINES AND LONGEVITY -- 21 Polyamines and Longevity in Mammals -- 22 Polyamine Interactions with Plant Hormones: Crosstalk at Several Levels -- PART X DIAGNOSIS AND DRUG TARGETS -- 23 N1, N12-Diacetylspermine in Human Urine: Performance as a Tumor Marker, Quantification, Production, and Excretion -- 24 Targeting the Polyamine Biosynthetic Pathway in Parasitic Protozoa.