chapter 1 Carbon Chain Molecules in Cryogenic Matrices -- chapter 2 Synthesis and Characterization of Carbynoid Structures in Cluster-Assembled Carbon Films / chapter 3 Epitaxial Growth by D.c. Magnetron Sputtering of Carbyne (Chaoite) Microcrystals on CVD-Deposited Polycrystalline Diamond / chapter 4 Electrochemical Synthesis of Carbyne-Like Materials and Other Nanocarbons / chapter 5 Synthesis of Carbynoid Structures by the Combustion Flame Method / chapter 6 Cyclic Polyynes: Generation, Characterization, and Reactions / chapter 7 Formation of C2nH2 Polyynes by Laser Ablation of Graphite, Coal or C60 Particles Suspended in Selected Solvents / chapter 8 Polyynes: Synthesis with the Submerged Electric Arc / chapter 9 Polyynes (C2nH2, n¼ 2–5) and Other Products from Laser-Ablated Graphite: A Time-of-Flight Mass Spectroscopic Study in Combination with One-Photon Ionization / chapter 10 Polyyne-Type Materials / chapter 11 Carbon Material with a Highly Ordered Linear-Chain Structure / chapter 12 Synthesis of Carbynoid Materials by Chemical Dehydrohalogenation of Halogen-Containing Polymers / chapter 13 Ion Irradiation of Solid Carbons / chapter 14 Cyanoalkynes and Cyanopolyynes: From Crossed Beam Experiments to Astrochemistry / chapter 15 Synthesis of Monocyanopolyynes and Dicyanopolyynes with the Submerged Electric Arc / chapter 16 Natural Carbynes, Including Chaoite, on Earth, in Meteorites, Comets, Circumstellar and Interstellar Dust / chapter 17 Structures and Other Properties of Polyynes and their Isomers: Theoretical and Experimental Results / chapter 18 Polyynes: Possible Bulk Synthesis and Chemical Properties / chapter 19 From Natural to Rationally Designed Artificial Enediynes: Towards New Anticancer Antibiotics Activable at Will / chapter 20 Polyynes: Simple Synthesis in Solution Through the Glaser Reaction.