Bioresource technology : concept, tools and experience

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Title:

Author:

Pirzadah, Tanveer Bilal, author.

ISBN:

9781119789444

9781119789420

9781119789437

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Contents:

Intro -- Bioresource Technology: Concept, Tools and Experiences -- Contents -- About the Editors -- About the Book -- Foreword -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Part I: The Application of Bioresource Technology in the Functional Food Sector -- 1. Millets: Robust Entrants to Functional Food Sector -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nomenclature and Use -- 1.3 Description of Important Millets -- 1.3.1 Sorghum -- 1.3.2 Pearl Millet -- 1.3.3 Finger Millet -- 1.3.4 Foxtail Millet -- 1.3.5 Proso Millet -- 1.3.6 Barnyard Millet -- 1.3.7 Little Millet -- 1.3.8 Kodo Millet -- 1.3.9 Brown-Top Millet -- 1.4 Millets: The Ancient Crops -- 1.5 Current Scenario of Millets Production -- 1.6 Nutritional Importance of Millets -- 1.6.1 Millets as Functional Food 13 -- 1.6.2 Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Aging Properties -- 1.6.3 Protection Against Cancer -- 1.6.4 Anti-Diabetic Properties -- 1.6.5 Protection Against Gastro-Intestinal Disorders -- 1.6.7 Protection Against Osteoporosis -- 1.7 Changes in Food Consumption Pattern and Future Demand -- 1.8 Food and Nutritional Security -- 1.9 Climate Change and Associated Threat to Agriculture -- 1.10 Millets: As Climate Smart Crops -- 1.11 Future Agriculture: Smart Technologies in Millet Farming -- 1.12 Conclusions -- References -- 2. The Art and Science of Growing Microgreens -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Historical Background -- 2.3 Health Benefits of Microgreens -- 2.3.1 Source of Functional Food Components -- 2.3.2 Component of Space Life Support Systems -- 2.3.3 Component of Nutritional Diet of Troops and Residents of High Altitude Regions -- 2.4 Cultivation Practices -- 2.4.1 Species Selection 30 -- 2.4.2 Growing Media and Propagation Felts -- 2.4.3 Growing Process -- 2.5 Quality and Shelf Life -- 2.6 Market Trends -- 2.7 Future Outlook -- 2.8 Conclusions -- References -- 3. Novel Nutraceuticals From Marine Resources.

3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Marine Microorganisms as a Source of Nutraceuticals -- 3.2.1 Marine Algae -- 3.2.2 Marine Invertebrates -- 3.2.2.1 Sponges -- 3.2.2.2 Crustaceans, Echinoderms and Molluscs -- 3.2.2.3 Marine Fishes -- 3.2.2.4 Marine Actinomycetes -- 3.2.2.5 Marine Fungi -- 3.2.2.6 Marine Bacteria -- 3.3 Classification of Different Nutraceuticals Obtained from Marine Environment -- 3.3.1 Polysaccharides -- 3.3.2 Marine Lipids -- 3.3.3 Natural Pigments from Marine Sources -- 3.3.4 Chitosan and Its Derivatives -- 3.3.5 Proteins and Peptides -- 3.3.6 Minerals, Vitamins and Enzymes -- 3.3.7 Marine Probiotics and Phenolic Compounds -- 3.4 Important Bioactive Metabolites and Their Biological Properties -- 3.5 Current Status of Nutraceuticals in Market -- 3.6 Conclusion and Future Recommendations -- References -- 4. Bioprospecting of Bioresources: Creating Value From Bioresources -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Bioprospecting in Various Industrial Fields -- 4.2.1 Pharmaceutical Industries -- 4.2.1.1 Drugs From Plants -- 4.2.1.2 Drugs From Bugs -- 4.2.1.3 Drugs From Aquatics -- 4.3 Chemical Industries -- 4.3.1 Biocatalysis -- 4.4 Bioprospecting in Agriculture -- 4.4.1 Biofertilizers and Biopesticides -- 4.4.2 Bioremediation -- 4.5 Bioprospecting in Beautification/Cosmetics -- 4.6 Bioprospecting in Detergent Industry -- 4.7 Bioprospecting in Textile Industry -- 4.8 Bioprospecting in Paper Industry -- 4.9 Bioprospecting in Food Industry -- 4.9.1 Bioprospecting in Brewing Industry -- 4.10 Diagnostic -- 4.10.1 Application of Enzymes for the Detection of Pyrogens in Pharmaceutical Products -- 4.10.2 Bioprospecting in Biofuel Production -- 4.11 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- 5. Green and Smart Packaging of Food -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Green Packaging in Food -- 5.3 Properties of Green Packaging Materials.

5.4 Mechanical Properties of Green Packaging Materials -- 5.5 Barrier Properties of Green Packaging -- 5.6 Green Packaging Materials with Active Properties -- 5.7 Biodegradation Mechanisms of Green Packaging -- 5.8 Main Green Food Packaging -- 5.8.1 Poly(lactic Acid) (PLA) -- 5.8.2 Polyhydroxyalkaonate (PHA) -- 5.8.3 Starch-based Materials -- 5.8.4 Cellulose-based Materials -- 5.9 Life Cycle of Green Packaging Materials -- 5.10 Smart Packaging in Food -- 5.11 Indicators for Smart Packaging -- 5.11.1 Time-Temperature Indicator (TTI) -- 5.11.2 Freshness Indicators -- 5.11.3 Packaging Integrity Indicators -- 5.12 Sensor Applications for Smart Packaging -- 5.13 Data Carriers for Smart Packaging -- 5.14 Regulatory Aspects -- 5.15 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- 6. Nanosensors: Diagnostic Tools in the Food Industry -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Identification of Foodborne Pathogens and Toxins -- 6.3 Pesticides and Carcinogenic Detection -- 6.3.1 Nitrites-Carcinogenic Detection -- 6.3.2 Mycotoxin Detection -- 6.3.3 Food Packaging -- 6.3.4 Food Freshness Detection -- 6.4 Chemicals and Food Additives Detection -- 6.4.1 Preservatives -- 6.4.2 Dyes -- 6.4.3 Sweeteners -- 6.4.4 Antioxidants -- 6.4.5 Food Allergens -- 6.5 Nano-based Sensors for Smart Packaging -- 6.5.1 Nanobarcodes -- 6.5.2 e-NOSE and e-TONGUE -- 6.5.3 Oxygen Sensors -- 6.5.4 Humidity Sensors -- 6.5.5 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Sensor -- 6.6 Challenges -- 6.7 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- 7. Harnessing Genetic Diversity for Addressing Wheat-based Time Bound Food Security Projections: A Selective Comprehensive Practical Overview -- 7.1 The Global Wheat Scenario -- 7.2 Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding Over 9 Billion by 2050 -- 7.3 Conventional Wheat Improvement Strategies -- 7.3.1 Breeding Methods -- 7.3.2 Recombination Breeding.

7.3.3 Pedigree or Line Breeding -- 7.3.4 Bulk Method -- 7.3.5 Single Seed Descent (SSD) Method -- 7.3.6 Backcross Breeding -- 7.3.7 Modified Pedigree Bulk -- 7.3.8 Selected Bulk -- 7.3.9 Multiline Breeding -- 7.3.10 Shuttle Breeding -- 7.3.11 Doubled Haploid -- 7.3.12 Mutation Breeding -- 7.3.13 Hybrid Wheat -- 7.3.14 The XYZ System -- 7.4 Innovative Technologies for Accessing Novel Genetic Diversity -- 7.5 Major Global Locations of Wheat Genetic Diversity -- 7.6 Utilization of Genetic Diversity -- 7.6.1 Wide Crosses: The Historical Build-up -- 7.7 Distribution of Genetic Diversity: Gene Pools, Their Potential Impact and Research Integration for Practicality -- 7.7.1 The Gene Pool Structure -- 7.7.1.1 Primary Gene Pool Species -- 7.7.1.2 The A Genome (Triticum Boeoticum, T. Monococcum, T. Urartu -- 2n = 2x = 14, AA) -- 7.7.1.3 The D Genome (Aegilops Tauschii = Goat Grass -- 2n = 2x = 14, DD) -- 7.7.1.4 Secondary Gene Pool Species -- 7.7.1.5 Selected Secondary Gene Pool Species Utilization Example -- 7.7.1.6 Tertiary Gene Pool Species -- 7.7.1.7 The Gene Pool Potential Recap -- 7.7.1.8 Conclusion: Transfer Prerequisites Across Gene Pools -- 7.8 Underexplored Areas -- 7.8.1 Land Races: Definitions, General Characteristics and Practicality Potential -- 7.8.2 Wheat Landraces: An Additive Diversity Source -- 7.8.3 Important Collections of Wheat Landraces -- 7.9 Perennial Wheat -- 7.9.1 The Concept of a More Sustainable Perennial Wheat-Like Cereal. Is It Feasible? -- 7.9.1.1 What Benefit/s Would Come? -- 7.9.1.2 Potential Pitfalls -- 7.9.1.3 What Approaches Can Be Conceived? -- 7.9.1.4 What Progress? -- 7.9.1.5 What Lessons? -- 7.9.1.6 Suggested Way Forward? -- 7.9.2 Genetic Engineering for Wheat Improvement Focused on a Few Major Food Security Aspects -- 7.9.2.1 Tissue Culture and Transformation of Wheat.

7.9.2.2 Production of Genetically-Modified Wheat -- 7.9.2.3 CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Wheat -- 7.9.2.4 Potential Traits for Genetic Improvement of Wheat Through Biotechnology -- 7.9.2.5 Yield Potential -- 7.9.2.6 Climate Change -- 7.9.2.7 Drought -- 7.9.2.8 Salinity -- 7.9.2.9 Heat -- 7.10 Historical Non-Conventional Trends for Exploiting Wheat's Genetic Resources -- 7.10.1 Pre-1900 -- 7.10.2 1901-1920 -- 7.10.3 1921-1930 -- 7.10.4 1931-1950 -- 7.10.5 The Post-1950 Era: Preamble -- 7.10.6 Homoeologous Pairing -- 7.10.7 Isolation of Homoeologous Recombinants -- 7.10.8 Intergeneric Hybridization Steps for Wheat/Alien Crossing -- 7.10.8.1 Embryo Extraction and Handling -- 7.10.8.2 Pre-Breeding Protocol -- 7.10.8.3 Development of Genetic Stocks -- 7.10.8.4 Establishing a Living Herbarium -- 7.10.9 Interspecific Hybridization -- 7.10.10 Additive Durum Wheat Improvement -- 7.10.10.1 The Parental Choice -- 7.10.10.2 Shortening the Breeding Cycle by Inducing Homozygosity in Desired Early Breeding Generations -- 7.10.10.3 The Integration of Molecular Development Options for Efficiency and Precision -- 7.11 Alleviating Wheat Productivity Constraints via New Genetic Variation -- 7.11.1 Biotic Constraints -- 7.11.2 Insect Resistance -- 7.11.3 Root Diseases -- 7.11.4 Abiotic Stresses -- 7.11.5 Grain Yield -- 7.11.6 Bio-Fortification -- 7.11.7 Future Directions and Strategies -- 7.12 Accruing Potental Practical Benefits -- 7.13 Summary of the Practical Potential Benefits -- 7.14 The Role of Genomics Information Including Molecular Markers in Wheat -- 7.15 The Way Forward and Wrap-Up -- 7.16 Concerns -- 7.17 Conclusions -- 7.18 Some Perceptions -- References -- Part II: Bioresource and Future Energy Security -- 8. Waste-to-Energy: Potential of Biofuels Production from Sawdust as a Pathway to Sustainable Energy Development -- 8.1 Introduction.

Abstract:

"Bioresources are important components for progress and economic activities of a nation. It is considered as the largest source of potential wealth for the country, which remains grossly under explored. One of the reasons for the under-utilization is the dearth of trained manpower. The current generation of biologists is largely divided into field-oriented taxonomists and ecologists on the one hand and the lab oriented functional and molecular biologists on the other. This divide has become a limiting factor in the study of bioresources. The present book intends to bridge the gap by inculcating excellence in field and laboratory biology simultaneously. This capacity building exercise will help generating wealth through a prudent and sustainable use of the country's bioresources. Bioresources management and utilization for human welfare is very important for the optimum utilization of the bioresources. Awareness of the importance and implications of bioresources among common people as well as elite educated citizens for safeguarding and protecting the optimum and balance way of using the bioresources needs critical studies to focus the bioresources wealth for the benefit of not only the present generation of our people but also to our future generations for their better, healthy and peaceful living on the earth. The problems facing at present is the over exploitation of bioresources which would not only have negative impact on the environment but also sometimes totally destroy and erode the important bioresources which are available at local, regional and national levels. Therefore, handling bioresources in a proper manner in an appropriate way is important for the optimum use without over exploitation of our bioresources wealth. Sustainable management of the ecosystems and the rich life within them remains one of the key natural resource management challenges. The conservation and sustainable use of bioresources are of critical importance for meeting the need of food, fodder, fiber, health, water, and other needs of the growing world population for which purpose of, access to, and sharing of both genetic resources and technologies are essential. Here we are trying to document together the various aspects of bioresources with a view to make it available for the judicious utilization by mankind. Gradual emergence of new technologies for large-scale conversions of renewable raw materials of biological origin to various industrial and energy markets has further widened the scope of bioresource technology"-- Provided by publisher.

Local Note:

John Wiley and Sons

Subject Term:

Biochemical engineering.

Biological products.

Agricultural resources.

Biological Factors

Génie biochimique.

Produits biologiques.

Ressources agricoles.

Biotechnology.

SCIENCE.