Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1. The Emergence of Linguistic Conscience -- PART I. Volapük -- Chapter 2. A Language in Search of a Problem -- Chapter 3. Who Were the Volapükists? -- Chapter 4. "Pandemonium in the Tower of Babel": The Language Critics -- Chapter 5. "Strangled in the House of Its Friends": Volapük's Demise -- Chapter 6. "My Troubled Child": The Artist and the Kulturkampf -- PART II. Esperanto -- Chapter 7. "The Purpose of My Whole Life": Zamenhof and Esperanto -- Chapter 8. "Let Us Work and Have Hope!": Language and Democracy -- Chapter 9. "The Menacing Thunderstorm of Reforms": First Esperantists and First Crises -- Chapter 10. The French Resurgence -- Chapter 11. "Bringing Together the Whole Human Race": Esperanto's Inner Idea -- PART III . The Esperanto Cluster: Same Language, Different Communities -- Chapter 12. The Demographics of Esperantujo -- Chapter 13. Pacifists, Taylorists, and Feminists -- Chapter 14. "Hidden-World Seekers": Esperanto in New Wave and Old Religions -- Chapter 15. Freethinkers, Socialists, and Herderians -- PART IV. Ido and its Satellites -- Chapter 16. "One Ideal International Language": Ido -- Chapter 17. "Linguistic Cannibalism" -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- Acknowledgments