Ophthalmoscope, the fundus oculi, and central and peripheral vision -- Loss of vision -- The abnormal retina -- Eye movements, diplopia, and cranial nerves 3, 4, and 6 -- Ptosis and the pupils: myasthenia gravis and other diseases of the eye and eyelid muscles -- Nystagmus -- Conjugate gaze palsies and forced conjugate deviation -- Cranial nerves 1, 5, and 7 -- Cranial nerves 8-12 -- The upper limb -- The lower limb -- Stance, gait, and balance -- Reflexes -- Sensation -- The cerebellum -- The corticospinal system -- Higher cortical functions: intelligence and memory -- Disorders of speech -- Neurological examination instruments.