A brief history of total knee arthroplasty -- Kinematics of the natural and replaced knee -- Long term survival of total knee arthroplasty. Lessons learned from the clinical outcome of old designs -- Long term survival of total knee arthroplasty.  Lessons learn from the clinical outcome of old designs. Second generation of implants and the total condylar TKA -- Total knee arthroplasty. Evaluating outcomes -- The long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty. The effect of age and diagnosis -- Long Term Outcome of Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty. The Effect of Body Weight and Level of Activity -- Long term clinical outcome of total knee arthroplasty. The effect of the severity of deformity -- Long term clinical outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty.  The effect of surgeon training and experience -- Long term clinical outcome of total knee arthroplasty.  The effect of limp alignment, implant placement and stability as contolled by surgical technique -- Long Term Results of Total Knee Arthroplasty. The Effect of Surgical approach -- Long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty. The effect of posterior stabilized designs -- Long term clinical outcome of total knee arthroplasty. The effect posterior cruciate retaining design -- Rationale and Long Term Outcome of Rotating Platform Total Knee Replacement -- Mid to long term clinical outcome of Medial Pivot designs -- Long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty. The effect of implant fixation (cementless) -- Long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty. The effect of polyethylene -- Long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty.  Condylar Constrained Prostheses -- Long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty.  Rotating Hinge Designs -- Clinical outcome of Total Knee Megaprosthesis Replacement for Bone Tumors -- Long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty. The effect of patella resurfacing -- Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty. Basic science, management and outcome -- Short and mid term outcome of total knee arthroplasty -- The effect of rehabilitation -- Long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty. The effect of Navigation -- Quality of life and patient satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty using contemporary designs.  .