Preface -- 2. surgical anatomy and pathology of perineal area -- 3. perineal defects-colorectal surgeon's perspective -- 4. Perineal defects-gynecological oncology perspective -- 5. Perineal defects-urological oncology perspective -- 6. Classification of perineal defects -- 7. Preoperative and intraoperative considerations -- 8. Advanced imaging for planning of perineal reconstruction -- 9. Lotus-petal and v-y advancement flaps -- 10. Gracilis flap -- 11. Igap flap -- 12. Pap flap -- 13. Alt flap -- 14. Abdominal flaps -- 15. Pudendal artery perforator flap -- 16. complications in perineal reconstruction -- 17. New frontiers in perineal reconstruction.