Introduction: Principles and Overview of Music therapy and music-based intervention -- Mechanisms of Music Therapy and Music-Based Interventions -- Music for Stroke Rehabilitation -- Music for Traumatic Brain Injury and Impaired Consciousness -- Music for Movement Disorders -- Music for Speech Disorders -- Music for Memory Disorders -- Music for Neuro-Oncological Disorders -- Music Therapy and Music-Based Interventions for Neurologic Palliative Care -- Music for Autoimmune Neurological Disorders -- Music for Epilepsy -- Music for Surgical/Perioperative Care -- Telehealth Music Therapy in Adult Neurological Care -- Therapeutic Technology for Music-Based Interventions -- Music therapy and music-based approaches with autistic people: A Neurodiversity Paradigm-informed perspective -- Psychosocial Aspects of Music Therapy -- Conclusions and Future Directions.