Chapter 1. An Introduction to the knowledge of Animal Diversity and Conservation in the Most Threatened Forests of Brazil -- Chapter 2. Northern Atlantic Forest: Conservation status and perspectives -- Chapter 3. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Pernambuco Endemism Center of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest -- Chapter 4. The Butterfly Fauna of the Northern Atlantic Forest -- Chapter 5. Dung beetles from the Atlantic Forest north of the São Francisco River: A synthesis of a fragile fauna -- Chapter 6. The most endemic taxon of an area of endemism: harvestmen (Opiliones) fauna of NAF and its contribution for biogeography and conservation -- Chapter 7. The Spider Fauna of the Northern Brazilian Atlantic Forest: effect of sampling bias on diversity patterns and conservation -- Chapter 8. Termites from the Northern Atlantic Forest, Brazil: Ecology and Conservation -- Chapter 9. Fishes from the Northern Atlantic Forest and their conservation -- Chapter 10. Species richness, distribution pattern andconservation of amphibians in the northern portion of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest -- Chapter 11. Composition, Species Richness and Conservation of the Reptiles of the Highly Threatened Northern Brazilian Atlantic Forest -- Chapter 12. Bird diversity and conservation of the Northern Atlantic Forest -- Chapter 13. Mammals of the Pernambuco Endemism Center: diversity, biogeography, research gaps, and conservation concerns -- Chapter 14. Fisheries and uses of coastal aquatic fauna in the Northernmost Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Chapter 15. Hunting and uses of terrestrial vertebrates in the Northernmost Region in the Atlantic Forest in Brazil.