Part 1: The Silk Roads: Past and Future -- Chapter 1: Network expansion and disease spread along the former and present straits of the Silk Road(s) and other international straits -- Chapter 2: Belt and Road Initiative Revisited -- Chapter 3: Economic Development and Health Care Status in Silk Road Countries -- Chapter 4: Traditional medicines along the BRI countries -- Part 2: Parasite and Disease Spread along the Silk Roads: A Review to date -- Chapter 5: Infectious diseases in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries -- Chapter 6: Disease details on plague (Black Death), cholera, brucellosis, and tick-borne encephalitis along the Silk Road(s) of former and recent times -- Chapter 7: Plague disease - from Asia to Europe and back along the Silk Road -- Chapter 8: Dengue along the silk road -- Chapter 9: Intestinal Parasites at the Xuanquanzhi relay station on the Silk Road 2,000 Years Ago -- Chapter 10: Dicrocoelium in Iran: From Bronze Age to the 21st century -- Chapter 11: Development of vaccines to stop endemic of hydatid diseases and promote connectivity of BRI.