1. Introduction -- 2. Classical design -- 3. Theory of hypothesis-based adaptive design -- 4. Method with direct combination of p-values -- 5. Method with inverse-normal p-values -- 6. Adaptive noninferiority design with paired binary data -- 7. Adaptive design with incomplete paired data -- 8. K-stage adaptive designs -- 9. Conditional error function method and conditional power -- 10. Recursive adaptive design -- 11. Unblinded sample-size reestimation design -- 12. Blinded and semi-blinded sample-size reestimation design -- 13. Adaptive design with coprimary endpoints -- 14. Multiple-endpoint adaptive design -- 15. Pick-the-winners design -- 16. The add-arm design for unimodal response -- 17. Biomarker-enrichment design -- 18. Biomarker-informed adaptive design -- 19. Survival modeling and adaptive treatment switching -- 20. Response-adaptive allocation design -- 21. Introductory Bayesian approach in clinical trial -- 22. Adaptive dose-escalation trial -- 23. Bayesian design for efficacy-toxicity trade-off and drug combination -- 24. Bayesian approach to biosimilarity trial -- 25. Adaptive multiregional trial design -- 26. SAS and R modules for group sequential design -- 27. Data analysis of adaptive trial -- 28. Planning, execution, analysis, and reporting -- 29. Debates in adaptive designs.