chapter Section I Clinical engineering -- chapter 1 Clinical engineering: Evolution of a discipline / chapter 2 Management and assessment of medical technology / chapter 3 Risk factors, safety, and management of medical equipment / chapter 4 Clinical engineering program indicators / chapter 5 Quality of improvement and team building / chapter 6 A standards primer for clinical engineers / chapter 7 Regulatory and assessment agencies / chapter 8 Applications of virtual instruments in health care / chapter Section II Biomedical sensors -- chapter 9 Physical measurements / chapter 10 Biopotential ElectrodesMichael R.Neuman -- chapter 11 Electrochemical sensors / chapter 12 Optical sensors / chapter 13 Bioanalytic sensors / chapter Appendix1 Historical Perspective: The ElectrocardiographLeslie A.Geddes -- chapter SECTION III Medical Instruments and Devices -- chapter 14 Biopotential amplifiers / chapter 15 Noninvasive arterial blood pressure and mechanics / chapter 16 Cardiac output measurement / chapter 17 Bioelectric impedance measurements / chapter 18 Respiration / chapter 19 Clinical laboratory: Separation and spectral methods / chapter 20 Clinical laboratory: Nonspectral methods and automation / chapter 21 Implantable cardiac pacemakers / chapter 22 Implantable stimulators for neuromuscular control / chapter 23 External defibrillators / chapter 24 Implantable defibrillators / chapter 25 Electrosurgical devices / chapter 26 Mechanical ventilation / chapter 27 Parenteral infusion devices / chapter 28 Essentials of Anesthesia delivery / chapter 29 Biomedical lasers / chapter 30 Noninvasive optical monitoring / chapter 31 Medical instruments and devices used in the home / chapter 32 Virtual instrumentation: Applications in biomedical engineering