chapter 1 Introduction: morphology, shape, and phylogenetics / chapter 2 Homology, characters and continuous variables / chapter 3 Quantitative characters, phylogenies, and morphometrics / chapter 4 Scaling, polymorphism and cladistic analysis / chapter 5 Overlapping variables in botanical systematics / chapter 6 Comparability, morphometrics and phylogenetic systematics / chapter 7 Phylogenetic signals in morphometric data / chapter 8 Creases as morphometric characters / chapter 9 Geometric morphometrics and phylogeny / chapter 10 A parametric bootstrap approach to the detection of phylogenetic signals in landmark data / chapter 11 Phylogenetic tests for differences in shape and the importance of divergence times: Eldredge’s enigma explored / chapter 12 Ancestral states and evolutionary rates of continuous characters / chapter 13 Modelling the evolution of continuously varying characters on phylogenetic trees: the case of Hominid cranial capacity / chapter 14 Summary