chapter 1 The Challenge -- chapter 2 Process Modeling -- chapter 3 Direct Imaging Technology -- chapter 4 Process Tomography -- chapter 5 Image Processing and Feature Extraction -- chapter 6 State Estimation -- chapter 7 Control Systems -- chapter 8 Imaging Diagnostics for Combustion Control -- chapter 9 Multiphase Flow Measurements -- chapter 10 Applications in the Chemical Process Industry -- chapter 11 Mineral and Material Processing -- chapter 12 Applications in the Metals Production Industry.