part Section I: Importance of Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering -- chapter 1 Tissue Engineering: The Therapeutic Strategy of the Twenty-First Century -- chapter 2 Top–Down Analysis of a Dynamic Environment: Extracellular Matrix Structure and Function -- chapter 3 Functions and Requirements of Synthetic Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering -- chapter 4 Microfabrication Techniques in Scaffold Development -- part Section II: Effect of Nanostructures on Cellular Responses and Tissue Regeneration -- chapter 5 Cell Response to Nanoscale Features and Its Implications in Tissue Regeneration: An Orthopedic Perspective -- chapter 6 Surface Modification of Biomaterials at the Nanoscale: Biomimetic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications -- part Section III: Promising Nanofabrication Techniques to Develop Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering -- chapter 7 Electrospun Polymeric Nanofiber Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration -- chapter 8 Structure and Mechanical Properties of Electrospun Nanofibers and Nanocomposites -- chapter 9 Electrospinning Techniques to Control Deposition and Structural Alignment of Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Cellular Orientation and Cytoskeletal Reorganization -- chapter 10 Nanolithographic Techniques in Tissue Engineering -- chapter 11 Designer Self-Assembling Peptide Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine -- part Section IV: Applications of Nanostructured Scaffolds in Biology and Medicine -- chapter 12 Nanotechnologies in Neural Tissue Engineering -- chapter 13 Nanotechnologies for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering -- chapter 14 Nanostructures for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering.