This volume provides the first focused treatment of the materials and methods used at the picoscale, which is the size regime for an individual atom. It addresses the key challenges in developing new instrumentation and techniques to visualize and measure structures at this sub-nanometer level. After introducing single-atom science and the synthesis and analysis of monatomic wires, the book presents picoscale methods ranging from STM to spectroscopic approaches at sub-nanometer spatial and energy resolutions. It also covers novel picoscale structures, molecular dynamics, atom-by-atom construction of molecules, biovisualization, and picoscale device applications, including the picomotor and single-photon quantum devices-- Provided by publisher.