Cover; Half-Title Page; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; General Introduction; I.1. Managing R & D and innovation: current and critical issues; I.2. A book on R & D management of large industrial enterprises; I.3. A descriptive and analytical book aimed at a wide audience; I.4. Structure of the book; 1. R & D and New Competitive Challenges: Between Intensive Innovation Strategy and Internationalization; 1.1. Strategy and R 1.1.1. R & D's place in business strategies; 1.1.2. Different generations of R & D.

1.2. Environmental factors influencing business strategies in R & D and their consequences1.2.1. The major role of innovation in competition strategies; 1.2.2. The emergence of the consumer in R 1.2.3. The effects of market globalization; 1.3. R & D strategies tested overseas: the example of China; 1.3.1. Western companies' choice to locate their R & D in China; 1.4. Conclusion; 2. Work in R & D and its Transformations; 2.1. Specifics of R & D work and its heterogeneity; 2.1.1. Non-routine and knowledge intensive work.

2.1.2. The work in R & D: between interactions and engagements with the surrounding environment2.1.3. A job characterized by a certain degree of autonomy and occupational regulations; 2.2. The main transformations of R & D work since 1990; 2.2.1. The advent of project management and of the concurrent engineering model; 2.2.2. A job which is more interactive and more dependent on the downstream; 2.2.3. Managerialization, bureaucratization and remoteness of technical work; 2.3. Current tensions and open questions as to the future of work in R & D.

2.3.1. Increasing pressure and strong focus in the short term: how sustainable is this in individual and collective terms?2.3.2. Relocation, internationalization, outsourcing and open innovation: what is the future of R & D work?; 2.3.3. The digital revolution: what is the impact on work in R & D?; 2.4. Conclusion; 3. Rationalization and Creativity: R & D under Pressure; 3.1. Permanent rationalizations and reduction of available resources in R 3.1.1. The rationalization concept; 3.1.2. R & D struggling with permanent rationalization; 3.1.3. Rationalization as a slack reduction strategy.

3.2. Creativity: between individual attribute and social process3.2.1. Individual creativity; 3.2.2. Creativity as an idea production process; 3.2.3. Creativity as a social process; 3.3. Ingredients and negative effects of slack reductions on creativity; 3.3.1. Slack reduction components; 3.3.2. Human slack reduction effects; 3.3.3. "Financial slack" reduction effects; 3.3.4. Temporal slack reduction effects; 3.3.5. Spatial slack reduction effects; 3.4. Mechanisms linking slack reduction and creativity; 3.4.1. Focus of attention; 3.4.2. Ability to "travel through time."