Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Introduction: Scope of the Book -- 1.1 Introduction: Green Chemistry, Solvent-free Synthesis, and Nanocatalysts -- 1.2 Topics Covered in this Book -- 1.3 Solvent-Free Synthesis of Nanocatalysts -- 1.4 Solvent and Catalyst-Free Organic Transformations -- 1.5 Solvent-Free Reactions Using NCs -- 1.5.1 Different Metal Oxides as a Catalyst/Support in Solvent-Free Reaction -- 1.5.1.1 Titanium Oxide -- 1.5.1.2 Tin Oxide -- 1.5.1.3 Manganese Oxide (MnOx) -- 1.5.1.4 Zinc Oxide -- 1.5.1.5 Aluminum Oxide -- 1.5.1.6 Iron Oxide -- 1.5.2 Silica-Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent-Free Organic Reactions -- 1.5.3 Carbon-Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent-Free Organic Reactions -- 1.5.4 Nitride-Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent-Free Organic Reactions -- 1.5.5 Ionic Liquid-Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent-Free Organic Reactions -- 1.6 Present Status and Future Direction -- References -- Chapter 2 Strategies for the Preparation of Nanocatalysts and Supports Under Solvent-Free Conditions -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Mechanochemistry -- 2.2.1 Ball Milling -- 2.2.2 Mortar and Pestle -- 2.3 Thermal Treatment -- 2.3.1 Simple Thermal Treatment -- 2.3.2 Thermal Decomposition -- 2.3.3 Microwave Heating Energy -- 2.4 Plasma-Assisted Methods -- 2.4.1 Thermal Plasma Method -- 2.4.2 Cold Thermal Plasma Method -- 2.5 Deposition Method -- 2.5.1 Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Method -- 2.5.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Method -- 2.6 Conclusion and Future Perspective -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3 Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Organic Transformation -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Organic Transformations -- 3.2.1 Mechanochemistry -- 3.2.2 Microwave Irradiation -- 3.2.3 Classical Heating -- 3.2.4 Ultrasound Irradiation.

3.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Metal Oxides as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent-Free Organic Reactions -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Different Metal Oxides as a Catalyst/Support in Solvent-Free Reactions -- 4.2.1 Titanium Dioxide-Based Catalysts -- 4.2.2 Tin Oxide-Based Catalysts -- 4.2.3 Manganese Oxide-Based Catalysts -- 4.2.4 Zinc Oxide-Based Catalysts -- 4.2.5 Aluminum Oxide-Based Catalysts -- 4.2.6 Iron Oxide-Based Catalysts -- 4.2.6.1 Fe3O4-Based Catalyst/Support -- 4.2.6.2 Fe2O3-Based Catalyst/Support -- 4.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Silica-Based Materials as Catalysts or Supports in Solvent-Free Organic Reactions -- 5.1 Solvent-Free Reactions Over Silica Gel -- 5.2 Silica Nanoparticles and its Applications -- 5.3 Zeolites and Hierarchical Zeolite Structures -- 5.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Carbon-Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent-Free Organic Reactions -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Solvent-Free Catalysis Using Carbon-Based Materials -- 6.2.1 Activated Carbons (ACs) -- 6.2.1.1 Acetylation Reactions -- 6.2.1.2 Oxidation of Cyclohexane -- 6.2.2 Carbon-Based Solid Acid (CBSA) Catalysts -- 6.2.2.1 Cross-Aldol Condensation of Ketones with Aromatic Aldehydes -- 6.2.2.2 Substituted Imidazoles -- 6.2.2.3 Amidoalkyl Naphthols -- 6.2.2.4 Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones -- 6.2.2.5 Xanthenes and Dibenzoxanthenes -- 6.2.2.6 Dihydropyrimidinone Compounds (Biginelli Reaction) -- 6.2.2.7 Acylation, Acetalization, Thioacetalization of Aldehydes -- 6.2.3 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) -- 6.2.3.1 Esterification of Alcohols -- 6.2.3.2 Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation -- 6.2.3.3 Phenol Derivatives Antioxidants -- 6.2.3.4 Acrylonitrile Derivatives -- 6.2.4 Graphene Oxide (GO) -- 6.2.4.1 Alkylaminophenols Derivatives -- 6.2.4.2 N-Arylation Reactions -- 6.2.4.3 Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols.

6.2.4.4 Aldol and Konevenagel Condensation Reaction -- 6.2.4.5 Oxidation of Cyclohexene -- 6.2.4.6 Oxidation of Hydrazide and Pyrazole Derivatives -- 6.2.5 Porous Carbon Materials -- 6.2.5.1 Oxidation of Alcohol and Hydrocarbons -- 6.2.5.2 Coupling of Amines -- 6.3 Summary and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 7 Nitride-Based Nanostructures for Solvent-Free Catalysis -- 7.1 Carbon Nitride -- 7.1.1 Introduction -- 7.1.2 Synthesis of Carbon Nitride -- 7.1.3 Modification of Carbon Nitrides -- 7.1.4 Solvent-Free Catalysis with Carbon Nitrides -- 7.2 Boron Nitride -- 7.2.1 Introduction -- 7.2.2 Synthesis and Modification of Boron Nitride -- 7.3 Molybdenum Nitride -- 7.3.1 Introduction -- 7.3.2 Synthesis of Molybdenum Nitride -- 7.3.3 Solvent-Free Catalytic Application of Molybdenum Nitride -- 7.4 Aluminum Nitride -- 7.4.1 Introduction -- 7.4.2 Synthesis of Aluminum Nitride -- 7.4.2.1 Solvent-Free Synthesis -- 7.4.3 Solvent-Free Application of Aluminum Nitride -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 Supported Ionic Liquids for Solvent-Free Catalysis -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Supported Ionic Liquids -- 8.3 Building Blocks of SILs -- 8.3.1 Ionic Segment -- 8.3.2 Solid-Support Segment -- 8.3.2.1 Silica Gels -- 8.3.2.2 Ordered Mesoporous Silicas -- 8.3.2.3 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) -- 8.3.2.4 Silica-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles (SMNPs) -- 8.4 SIL Catalytic Systems -- 8.5 Supported IL Solvent-Free Catalysis -- 8.6 Solvent-Free Hydrogenation of Olefins -- 8.7 Solvent-Free Heck Reaction -- 8.8 Solvent-Free Multicomponent Reactions -- 8.8.1 Synthesis of Pyran-Based Heterocycles -- 8.8.2 Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridine (Hantzsch Reaction) -- 8.8.3 Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-One/Thiones (Biginelli Reaction) -- 8.8.4 Synthesis of 1-Amidoalkyl Naphthol -- 8.8.5 Miscellaneous Solvent-Free Multicomponent Reactions.

8.9 Solvent-Free Condensation Reactions -- 8.9.1 Solvent-Free Friedländer Condensation -- 8.9.2 Solvent-Free Knoevenagel Condensation -- 8.9.3 Esterification -- 8.10 Solvent-Free CO2 Conversion Reactions -- 8.11 Solvent-Free Oxidation Reactions -- 8.12 Miscellaneous Solvent-Free Organic Reactions -- 8.13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 Present Status and Future Outlook -- 9.1 Summary -- 9.2 Future Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index -- EULA.