Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Author Biographies -- Part 1 Views and Visions -- Chapter 1 Boosting Resilience of Global Crop Production Through Sustainable Stress Management -- References -- Chapter 2 Sustaining Food Security Under Changing Stress Environment -- References -- Chapter 3 Crop Improvement Under Climate Change -- 3.1 Crop Diversity to Mitigate Climate Change -- 3.2 Technology to Mitigate Climate Change -- 3.3 Farm Practices to Mitigate Climate Change -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Reactive Nitrogen in Climate Change, Crop Stress, and Sustainable Agriculture: A Personal Journey -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Reactive Nitrogen in Climate Change, Agriculture, and Beyond -- 4.3 Nitrogen, Climate, and Planetary Boundaries of Sustainability -- 4.4 Emerging Global Response and India's Leadership in It -- 4.5 Regional and Global Partnerships for Effective Interventions -- 4.6 Building Crop NUE Paradigm Amidst Growing Focus on Stress -- 4.7 From NUE Phenotype to Genotype in Rice -- 4.8 Furthering the Research and Policy Agenda -- References -- Part 2 Climate Change: Global Impact -- Chapter 5 Climate-Resilient Crops for CO2 Rich-Warmer Environment: Opportunities and Challenges -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Climate Change Trend and Abiotic Stress: Yield Losses Due to Major Climate Change Associated Stresses Heat, Drought and Their Combination -- 5.3 Update on Crop Improvement Strategies Under Changing Climate -- 5.3.1 Advances in Breeding and Genomics -- 5.3.2 Advances in Phenomics and High Throughput Platforms -- 5.3.3 Non-destructive Phenotyping to Exploit Untapped Potential of Natural Genetic Diversity -- 5.4 Exploiting Climate-Smart Cultivation Practices -- 5.5 CO2-Responsive C3 Crops for Future Environment -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References.

Chapter 6 Potential Push of Climate Change on Crop Production, Crop Adaptation, and Possible Strategies to Mitigate This -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Influence of Climate Change on the Yield of Plants -- 6.3 Crop Adaptation in Mitigating Extreme Climatic Stresses -- 6.4 Factors That Limit Crop Development -- 6.5 Influence of Climate Change on Plants' Morphobiochemical and Physiological Processes -- 6.6 Responses of Plant Hormones in Abiotic Stresses -- 6.7 Approaches to Combat Climate Changes -- 6.7.1 Cultural Methodologies -- 6.7.2 Conventional Techniques -- 6.7.3 Strategies Concerned with Genetics and Genomics -- 6.7.4 Strategies of Genome Editing -- 6.7.5 Involvement of CRISPR/Cas9 -- 6.8 Conclusions -- Conflict of Interest Statement -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 7 Agrifood and Climate Change: Impact, Mitigation, and Adaptation Strategies -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Causes of Climate Change -- 7.2.1 Greenhouse Gases -- 7.2.2 Fossil Fuel Combustion -- 7.2.3 Deforestation -- 7.2.4 Agricultural Expansion -- 7.3 Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture -- 7.3.1 Crop Productivity -- 7.3.2 Disease Development -- 7.3.3 Plant Responses to Climate Change -- 7.3.4 Livestock -- 7.3.5 Agriculture Economy -- 7.4 Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change -- 7.4.1 Climate-Smart Cultural Practices -- 7.4.2 Climate-Smart Agriculture Technologies -- 7.4.3 Stress-Tolerant Varieties -- 7.4.4 Precision Management of Nutrients -- 7.4.5 Forestry and Agroforestry -- 7.5 Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- Chapter 8 Dynamic Photosynthetic Apparatus in Plants Combats Climate Change -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Climate Change and Photosynthetic Apparatus -- 8.3 Engineered Dynamic Photosynthetic Apparatus -- 8.4 Conclusion and Prospects -- References.

Chapter 9 CRISPR/Cas Enables the Remodeling of Crops for Sustainable Climate-Smart Agriculture and Nutritional Security -- 9.1 Introduction: CRISPR/Cas Facilitated Remodeling of Crops -- 9.2 Impact of Climate Changes on Agriculture and Food Supply -- 9.3 Nutritionally Secure Climate-Smart Crops -- 9.4 Novel Game Changing Genome-Editing Approaches -- 9.4.1 Knockout-Based Approach -- 9.4.2 Knock-in-Based Approach -- 9.4.3 Activation or Repression-Based Approach -- 9.5 Genome Editing for Crop Enhancement: Ushering Towards Green Revolution 2.0 -- 9.5.1 Mitigation of Abiotic Stress -- 9.5.2 Alleviation of Biotic Stress -- 9.5.3 Biofortification -- 9.6 Harnessing the Potential of NGS and ML for Crop Design Target -- 9.7 Does CRISPR/Cas Address the Snag of Genome Editing? -- 9.8 Edited Plant Code: Security Risk Assessment -- 9.9 Conclusion: Food Security on the Verge of Climate change -- References -- Part 3 Socioeconomic Aspects of Climate Change -- Chapter 10 Perspective of Evolution of the C4 Plants to Develop Climate Designer C4 Rice as a Strategy for Abiotic Stress Management -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 How Did Plants Evolve to the C4 System? -- 10.2.1 Gene Amplification and Modification -- 10.2.2 Anatomical Preconditioning -- 10.2.3 Increase in Bundle Sheath Organelles -- 10.2.4 Glycine Shuttles and Photorespiratory CO2 Pumps -- 10.2.5 Enhancement of PEPC and PPDK Activity in the Mesophyll Tissue -- 10.2.6 Integration of C3 and C4 Cycles -- 10.3 What Are the Advantages of C4 Plants over C3 Plants? -- 10.4 Molecular Engineering of C4 Enzymes in Rice -- 10.4.1 Green Tissue-Specific Promoters -- 10.4.2 Expressing C4 Enzyme, PEPC in Rice -- 10.4.3 Expressing C4 Enzyme, PPDK in Rice -- 10.4.4 Expressing C4 Enzyme, ME and NADP-ME in Rice -- 10.4.5 Expressing Multiple C4 Enzymes in Rice -- 10.5 Application of CRISPR for Enhanced Photosynthesis.

10.6 Single-Cell C4 Species -- 10.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11 Role of Legume Genetic Resources in Climate Resilience -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Legumes Under Abiotic Stress -- 11.2.1 Legumes Under Drought Stress -- 11.2.2 Legumes Under Waterlogging -- 11.2.3 Legumes Under Salinity Stress -- 11.2.4 Legumes Under Extreme Temperature -- 11.3 Genetic Resources for Legume Improvement -- 11.3.1 Lentil -- 11.3.2 Mungbean -- 11.3.3 Pigeon Pea -- 11.3.4 Chickpea -- 11.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 Oxygenic Photosynthesis - a Major Driver of Climate Change and Stress Tolerance -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Evolution of Chlorophyll -- 12.3 The Great Oxygenation Event -- 12.4 Role of Forest in the Regulation of O2 and CO2 Concentrations in the Atmosphere -- 12.5 Evolution of C4 Plants -- 12.6 The Impact of High Temperature -- 12.7 C4 Plants Are Tolerant to Salt Stress -- 12.8 Converting C3 Plants into C4 - A Himalayan Challenge -- 12.9 Carbonic Anhydrase -- 12.10 Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase -- 12.11 Malate Dehydrogenase -- 12.12 Decarboxylating Enzymes -- 12.12.1 NAD/NADP-Malic Enzyme -- 12.12.2 Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase -- 12.13 Pyruvate Orthophosphate Dikinase -- 12.14 Regulation of C4 Photosynthetic Gene Expression -- 12.15 Use of C3 Orthologs of C4 Enzymes -- 12.16 Conclusions and Future Directions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 13 Expand the Survival Limits of Crop Plants Under Cold Climate Region -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Physiology of Cold Stress Tolerant Plants -- 13.3 Stress Perception and Signaling -- 13.4 Plant Survival Mechanism -- 13.5 Engineering Cold Stress Tolerance -- 13.6 Future Directions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 14 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Climate-Smart Agriculture: Prospects and Challenges -- 14.1 Introduction.

14.2 What Is Climate-Smart Agriculture? -- 14.3 AMF as a Tool to Practice Climate-Smart Agriculture -- 14.3.1 AMF in Increasing Productivity of Agricultural Systems -- 14.3.2 AMF-Induced Resilience in Crops to Climate Change -- 14.3.3 AMF-Mediated Mitigation of Climate Change -- 14.3.4 Agricultural Practices and AMF Symbiosis - Crop Rotations, Tillage, and Agrochemicals -- 14.3.5 AMF Symbiosis and Climate Change -- 14.3.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Part 4 Plant Stress Under Climate Change: Molecular Insights -- Chapter 15 Plant Stress and Climate Change: Molecular Insight -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Different Stress Factors and Climate Changes Effects in Plants -- 15.2.1 Water Stress -- 15.2.2 Temperature Stress -- 15.2.3 Salinity Stress -- 15.2.4 Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation Stress -- 15.2.5 Heavy Metal Stress -- 15.2.6 Air Pollution Stress -- 15.2.7 Climate Change -- 15.3 Plant Responses Against Stress -- 15.3.1 Water Stress Responses -- 15.3.2 Temperature Stress Responses -- 15.3.3 Salinity Stress Responses -- 15.3.4 Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation Stress -- 15.3.5 Heavy Metal Stress Responses -- 15.3.6 Air Pollution Stress Responses -- 15.3.7 Climate Change Responses -- 15.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16 Developing Stress-Tolerant Plants: Role of Small GTP Binding Proteins (RAB and RAN) -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 A Brief Overview of GTP-Binding Proteins -- 16.3 Small GTP-Binding Proteins -- 16.3.1 RAB -- 16.3.2 RAN -- 16.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 17 Biotechnological Strategies to Generate Climate-Smart Crops: Recent Advances and Way Forward -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Climate Change and Crop Yield -- 17.3 Effect of Climate Change on Crop Morpho-physiology, and Molecular Level -- 17.4 Plant Responses to Stress Conditions -- 17.5 Strategies to Combat Climate Change.