This two-volume set CCIS 2204 and 2205 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Optimization and Data Science in Industrial Engineering, ODSIE 2023, held in Istanbul, Turkey, during November 16-17, 2023. The 33 full papers and 2 short papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 311 submissions. The papers were organized in the following topical sections: Part I: smart and intelligent transportation systems; machine/deep/reinforcement learning in industries; and advances of artificial intelligence/operational research tools in healthcare. Part II: technology, learning and analytics in intelligent systems; expert systems, decision analysis, and advanced optimization; digital transformation of supply chain and logistics systems.