part Section I: Reptile Toxinology, Systematics, and Venom Gland Structure -- chapter 1 The Field of Reptile Toxinology: Snakes, Lizards, and Their Venoms -- chapter 2 Recent Advances in Venomous Snake Systematics -- chapter 3 Reptile Venom Glands: From, Function, and Future -- part Section II: Reptile Venom Enzymes -- chapter 4 Snake Venom Metalloproteinases -- chapter 5 Snake Venom Metalloproteinases: Biological Roles and Participation in the Pathophysiology of Envenomation -- chapter 6 Thrombin-Like Snake Venom Serine Proteinases -- chapter 7 Snake Venom Nucleases, Nucleotidases, and Phosphomonoesterases -- chapter 8 Snake Venom Phospholipase A2 Enzymes -- chapter 9 9Chapter Snake Venom Acetylcholinesterase -- chapter 10 1Chapter 0 Snake Venom L-Amino Acid Oxidases -- chapter 11 1Chapter 1 Hyaluronidases, a Neglected Class of Glycosidases from Snake Venom: Beyond a Spreading Factor -- chapter 12 1Chapter 2 Natural Inhibitors: Innate Immunity to Snake Venoms -- part Section III: Reptile Venom Toxins -- chapter 13 1Chapter 3 Snake Venom Three-Finger Toxins -- chapter 14 1Chapter 4 Sarafotoxins, the Snake Venom Homologs of the Endothelins -- chapter 15 1Chapter 5 Fasciculins: Toxins from Mamba Venoms That Inhibit Acetylcholinesterase -- chapter 16 1Chapter 6 Cysteine-Rich Secretory Proteins in Reptile Venoms -- chapter 17 1Chapter 7 Snake Venomics and Disintegrins: Portrait and Evolution of a Family of Snake Venom Integrin Antagonists -- chapter 18 1Chapter 8 Reptile C-Type Lectins -- chapter 19 1Chapter 9 Snake Venom Nerve Growth Factors -- chapter 20 The Role of Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleosides in Snake Venoms -- part Section IV: Envenomation: Occurence, Prevention, Treatment -- chapter 21 Envenomation: Prevention and Treatment in Australia -- chapter 22 Snakebite in Africa: Current Situation and Urgent Needs -- chapter 23 Envenomations by Reptiles in the United States -- chapter 24 Snakebite Envenomation in Central America.