Preface -- Introduction -- Part I. Orientation: 1. Introducing / Tamara Sonn -- 2. Discovering / Christopher Buck -- 3. Contextualizing / Abdullah Saeed -- Part II. Text: 4. Linguistic Structure / Salwa M.S. El-Awa -- 5. Patterns of Address / Rosalind Ward Gwynne -- 6. Language / Mustansir Mir -- 7. Poetry and Language / Navid Kermani -- 8. Foreign Vocabulary / Michael Carter -- 9. Structure and the Emergence of Community / Angelika Neuwirth -- 10. Sacrality and Collection / Aliza Shnizer -- 11. Written Transmission / François Déroche -- 12. Context: Muḥammad / Herbert Berg -- 13. Context: ʻUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb / Avraham Hakim -- Part III. Content: 14. God / Andrew Rippin -- 15. Prophets and Prophethood / Uri Rubin -- 16. Moses / Brannon Wheeler -- 17. Abraham / Carol Bakhos -- 18. Jesus in the Qurʼān / Gordon Nickel -- 19. Biblical Background / Gabriel Said Reynolds -- 20. Other Religions / Mun'im Sirry -- 21. Argumentation / Kate Zebiri -- 22. Knowing and Thinking / A.H. Mathias Zahniser -- 23. Sex, Sexuality, and the Family / Khaleel Mohammed -- 24. Jihād / Reuven Firestone -- Part IV. Interpretation: 25. Hermeneutics: al-Thaʻlabī / Walid Saleh -- 26. Stories of the Prophets / Marianna Klar -- 27. Ṣūfism / Alan Godlas -- 28. Rūmī / Jawid Mojaddedi -- 29. Ibn al-ʻArabī / Binyamin Abrahamov -- 30. Twelver Shīʻī Taʼwīl / Diana Steigerwald -- 31. Ismāʻīlī Taʼwīl / Diana Steigerwald -- 32. Modern and Contemporary Interpretation of the Qurʼān / Johanna Pink -- V. Application: 33. Exegetical Sciences / Jane Dammen McAuliffe -- 34. Theology / Binyamin Abrahamov -- 35. Jurisprudence / A. Kevin Reinhart -- 36. Contemporary Ethical Issues / Leah Kinberg -- 37. Narrative Literature / Roberto Tottoli -- 38. Recitation / Anna M. Gade -- Index.