The Aetiology and Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease -- The Fetal and Childhood Origins of Cardiometabolic Disease -- Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes -- Lipid-Related Factors -- Inflammation-Related Factors -- Adipose Tissue-Derived Factors -- Endothelial and Vascular Function -- The Haemostatic System -- Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Disease -- Vitamins and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease -- Influences of the Human Gut Microbiome -- Physical Fitness and Physical Activity -- Diet and Cardiovascular Disease -- Conclusions of the Task Force -- Recommendations of the Task Force -- Cardiovascular Disease.